The o-palladated, chloro-bridged dimers [Pd{2-phenylpyridine(-H)}-μ-Cl]2 and [Pd{N,N-dimethylbenzylamine(-H)}-μ-Cl]2 react with cyanuric acid in the presence of base to afford closed, chiral cage-molecules in which 12 organo-Pd(II) centers, located in pairs at the vertices of an octahedron, are linked by four tetrahedrally arranged cyanurato(3-) ligands. Incomplete (Pd10) cages, having structur...

Aqueous biphasic catalysis is a convenient approach to convert organic, partially soluble molecules in water. However, converting more hydrophobic substrates is much more challenging as their solubility in water is extremely low. During the past ten years, substantial progress has been made towards improving the contact between hydrophobic substrates and a hydrophilic transition-metal catalyst....

This paper argues that Information Technology (IT) needs to be demystified, through critical consciousness, for educators to focus on IT as a means to enhance learning. It goes on to define the technical, sociohistorical and political-ideological levels of IT and to identify four theoretical constructs: tutorial, machine-as-human, tool kit and catalyst. Pervading these constructs is the underst...

The super-Brownian motion X % in a super-Brownian medium % constructed in DF96a] is known to be persistent (no loss of expected mass in the longtime behaviour) in dimensions one ((DF96a]) and three ((DF96b]). Here we ll the gap in showing that persistence holds also in the critical dimension two. The key to this result is that in any dimension (d 3); given the catalyst, the variance of the proc...

A new dimeric orthopalladated complex was synthesized via reaction of 2,3-dimethoxy benzaldehyde oxime with palladium chloride and lithium chloride in methanol as solvent and sodium acetate as base at room temperature. The catalytic activity of this dimeric [Pd{C6H2(-CH=NOH)-(OMe)2-2,3}(µ-Cl)]2 complex as an efficient, air, and moisture tolerant catalyst was investigated in Mizoroki–Heck cross ...

A new dimeric orthopalladated complex was synthesized via reaction of 2,3-dimethoxy benzaldehyde oxime with palladium chloride and lithium chloride in methanol as solvent and sodium acetate as base at room temperature. The catalytic activity of this dimeric [Pd{C6H2(-CH=NOH)-(OMe)2-2,3}(µ-Cl)]2 complex as an efficient, air, and moisture tolerant catalyst was investigated in Mizoroki–Heck cross ...

This paper argues that innovation can be best understood as an information process which is then concretized as a product that meets demand. Two very different firms, Canon Inc. and Apple Computer Inc., are used as case study illustrations. Innovation does not proceed through logical deduction, but rather is furthered by the use of metaphors and analogies. The bureaucratic and staid structures ...

The observation of Manchot? that sodium pentacyano-ammineferroate2 I absorbs oxygen has led Baudisch and his coworkers3 to study the catalytic action of this salt, as well as of its water analogue II, in the oxidation of pyrimidines and purines. The present authors have previously reported in this journal4 on the nature of the oxidation products obtained. In the present paper the problem is con...

Assumptions of individual rationality and preference stability provide the foundation for a convenient and tractable modeling approach. While both of these assumptions have come under scrutiny in distinct literatures, the two lines of research remain disjointed. This study begins by explicitly linking the two literatures while providing insights into perhaps the central issue facing behavioral ...

Computers can be very helpful to us by performing tasks on our behalf. For example, they are very good at performing calculations, storing information and producing visualisations of objects that do not yet exist as a made artifact. Increasingly, however, a different role is being found for the computer. It is the role of a catalyst, or a stimulant, to our own creative thinking. In such cases t...