We used an emission tomographic brain scanner to investigate the relationship between local cerebral blood volume (LCBV) and arterial blood carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) in normal awake man. Measurements were made separately in three dimensions in various regions of grey and white matter, and the resting LCBV as well as the difference in sensitivity among these regions were compared. Over the ...

Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commonly complain of insomnia, but hypnotic drugs are generally not recommended due to their depressant effect on the respiratory centres. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare the effects of a single dose of the benzodiazepine hypnotics, triazolam 0.25 mg and flunitrazepam 1 mg, and a new imidazopyridine compound, zol...

In critically ill intubated patients, assessment of adequacy of ventilation relies on measuring partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), which requires invasive arterial blood gas analysis. Alternative noninvasive technologies include transcutaneous CO2 (tPCO2) and end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) monitoring. We evaluated accuracy of tPCO2 and EtCO2 monitoring in a porcine model of acute lung ...

Objective. To assess volume guarantee (VG) ventilation combined with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) strategy on PaCO2 regulation in an experimental model of neonatal distress syndrome. Methods. Six 2-day-old piglets weighing 2.57 ± 0.26 kg were used for this interventional experimental study. Animals were ventilated during physiologic lung conditions and after depletion of lung s...

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Arterial blood gas analysis was performed before and after 60 to 90 s of voluntary hyperventilation in 27 consecutive patients with occlusive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and daytime hypercapnia. The percentage of fall in PaCO2 from baseline was examined in relationship to age, body mass index, sleep-disordered breathing indices, and pulmonary function variables. In 14 subjects without airflow ob...

Prolonged exercise in a hot environment increases the minute ventilation (VE) and respiratory rate (RR) with an increase core temperature. This hyperthermia-induced hyperventilation decreases partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide (PaCO2). Conversely, nasal breathing during has been reported to produce low VE RR values high PaCO2 values; however, no studies have investigated this env...

We sought to clarify the effect of short-acting benzodiazepine hypnotic on the relationship of arterial blood pressure and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Paco2) to regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during human non-rapid-eye-movement (non-REM) sleep. Nine young normal volunteers were treated in a randomized, crossover design with triazolam or placebo and underwent positron emiss...