STUDY QUESTION Is there a critical period of progesterone (P4) withdrawal in a mouse menstrual-like model, and at what time after P4 withdrawal endometrial breakdown become irreversible? STUDY ANSWER Our results showed that a 12-16 h critical period of P4 withdrawal exists in the mouse menstrual-like model. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY P4 withdrawal is the trigger for endometrial breakdown and she...

The luteal phase of the female menstrual cycle is associated with both 1) elevated serum progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2), and 2) reduced insulin sensitivity. Recently, we demonstrated a link between skeletal muscle mitochondrial H(2)O(2) emission (mE(H2O2)) and insulin resistance. To determine whether serum levels of P4 and/or E(2) are related to mitochondrial function, mE(H2O2) and respir...

Blood serum progesterone (P4) levels in donor cows and heifers at donor selection, superovulation, insemination and embryo recovery were investigated. Significant differences in P4 levels in the investigated donors during superovulatory oestrus insemination were observed. The cows with low levels of P4 at insemination (5.8 ± 1.7 nmol/l) showed a better yield and quality of embryos (P<0.01) comp...

PURPOSE The expression of human insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) is regulated by the activation of four promoters (P1-P4) acting in a development-dependent, tissue-specific manner. IGF-II overexpression associated with P3 and P4 activation is observed in animal and human hepatocarcinogenesis. We correlated P4 epigenetic alteration with P4 transcript activation and clinicopathologic featur...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing progesterone injections by progesterone vaginal inserts on productive and reproductive parameters of lactating cows with reproductive problems after prolonged periods of heat stress. Fifteen Holstein cows were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: 1) treated with two progesterone vaginal inserts (P4-INS); 2) treated with prog...

For graphs G and G' with minimum degree is = 3 and satisfying one of two other conditions, we prove that any isomorphism from the P4 -graph P4 (G) to P4 ( G') can be induced by a vertex-isomorphism of G onto G'. We also prove that a connected graph G is isomorphic to its P4 -graph P4 (G) if and only if G is a cycle of length at least 4.

abstract introduction: omega 3 fatty acid especially in the form of fish oil, has structural and biological role in the body&apos;s various systems especially nervous system. numerous studies have tried to research about it. auditory is one of the affected systems. omega 3 deficiency can have devastating effects on the nervous system and auditory. this study aimed to evaluate neural conduction ...

the present study investigated serum cortisol in response to postpartum ovarian resumption and luteal function. postpartum ovarian resumption was detected based on a rise in progesterone (p4) concentrations during three weeks after calving. twenty two holstein cows in a semi-closed dairy farm in qena city, egypt were used. the study was carried out from late march to early june; the period char...

Fifty repeat breeder (RB) Friesian cows were allocated to five groups of 10 cows each, to determine the effect of progesterone (P4) supplement on P4 concentrations and pregnancy rates during the periods of corpus luteum (CL) formation and development between days 2-7 and 7-12 following a spontaneous or PGF2α-induced estrus. Cows were artificially inseminated during PGF2α-induced (PGF-P4-d2 and ...