Migration, conventionally, being an important part of demography, is least studied as compared to fertility and mortality. Due to decreasing birth and death rate, migration (internal or international) has become a more important concern for demographers and other social scientists.Since probability models provide concise and clear representations of extensive data sets in a better way (Aryal, 2...

objective: : loneliness is one of the fundamental problems of old people that many factors are involved in the development or aggravation of that. any factor, such as migration, that reduces the kinship network, can be considered as effective factor. there are many studies about migration as a common phenomenon in most rural of iran, but few answered to this question: what is the effects of mig...

We investigate the impact of household use of labor-saving farm technologies on first-time out-migration after the household agriculture and consumption survey was conducted in 1996. Building on the labor substitution framework, we hypothesize that household use of labor-saving technologies (e.g., tractors, farm implements, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides) increases individual out-migratio...

The serial founder model of modern human origins predicts that the phylogeny of ancestries exhibits bifurcating, tree-like behavior. Here, we tested this prediction using three methods designed to investigate gene flow in autosome-wide genotype data from 3,528 unrelated individuals from 163 global samples. Specifically, we investigated whether Cushitic ancestry has an East African or Middle Eas...