Early work on the role of osteocytes in bone regulation suggested that the primary function of these cells was osteolysis. This lytic function was not precisely defined but included mineral homeostasis and at least the initiation of matrix remodeling, if not a primary role in remodeling. This paper is an attempt to promote the concept of osteocytic osteolysis as a method of systemic mineral hom...

Evidence suggests that osteocyte apoptosis is involved in the adaptive response of bone, although the specific role of osteocytes in the signaling mechanism is unknown. Here, we examined and correlated regional variability in indices of remodeling, modeling, osteocyte apoptosis, and osteocyte density in rabbit tibia midshafts. Histomorphometric analysis indicated that remodeling parameters (BMU...

Bone has the ability to adjust its structure to meet its mechanical environment. The prevailing view of bone mechanobiology is that osteocytes are responsible for detecting and responding to mechanical loading and initiating the bone adaptation process. However, how osteocytes signal effector cells and initiate bone turnover is not well understood. Recent in vitro studies have shown that osteoc...

Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone and are ideally located to influence bone turnover through their syncytial relationship with surface bone cells. Osteocyte-derived signals have remained largely enigmatic, but it was recently reported that human osteocytes secrete sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation. Absent sclerostin protein results in the high bone mass clinical disorder s...

INTRODUCTION: Although bone is known to respond to various forms of mechanical loading including substrate strain, fluid shear, and interstitial fluid pressure, the latter receives relatively little attention. . Macroscopically, venous stasis or applied pressurization by external loading was associated with increased bone formation.. At the cellular level, osteoblasts have been shown to respond...

Introduction: Tooth extraction can result in loss of alveolar bone. The application biomaterials Bovine Amniotic Membrane (BAM) that containing growth factors and collagen is expected to play a role socket preservation. This study aimed observe the effect BAM on osteoblasts, osteocytes, histological preparate bone Sprague Dawley rats (SD). Methods: 16 male SD were used this group. extracted man...

Osteocytes are the most abundant osteoblast lineage cells within the bone matrix. They respond to mechanical stimulation and can participate in the release of regulatory proteins that can modulate the activity of other bone cells. We hypothesize that neuropeptide Y (NPY), a neurotransmitter with regulatory functions in bone formation, is produced by osteocytes and can affect osteoblast activity...

Osteocytes are considered to be the major mechanosensory cells of bone, but how osteocytes in vivo process, perceive, and respond to mechanical loading remains poorly understood. Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signaling resulting from mechanical stimulation has been widely studied in osteocytes in vitro and in bone explants, but has yet to be examined in vivo. This is achieved herein by using a t...

The purpose of this work was to establish a methodology to enable the isolation and study of osteocytes from skeletally mature young (4-month-old) and old (22-month-old) mice. The location of osteocytes deep within bone is ideal for their function as mechanosensors. However, this location makes the observation and study of osteocytes in vivo technically difficult. Osteocytes were isolated from ...

Osteocytes have been hypothesized to be the major mechanosensors in bone. How in situ osteocytes respond to mechanical stimuli is still unclear because of technical difficulties. In vitro studies have shown that osteocytes exhibited unique calcium (Ca(2+)) oscillations to fluid shear. However, whether this mechanotransduction phenomenon holds for in situ osteocytes embedded within a mineralized...