OBJECTIVE Orthostatic dizziness without orthostatic hypotension is common but underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood. This study describes orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome (OCHOs). OCHOs is defined by (1) abnormal orthostatic drop of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) during the tilt test and (2) absence of orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmia, vascular abnormalities, or oth...

BACKGROUND In patients with type 2 diabetes, the prognostic impact of an orthostatic rise in blood pressure is not known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prognostic implications of the diastolic orthostatic blood pressure response in a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes. We also evaluated associations between different orthostatic blood pressure responses and markers ...

BACKGROUND Early postoperative mobilization is essential for an enhanced recovery, but it can be hindered by orthostatic intolerance, characterized by signs of cerebral hypoperfusion, such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and ultimately syncope. Orthostatic intolerance is frequent after major surgical procedures, because of an attenuated cardiovascular response, but the cardiovascular response a...

OBJECTIVES orthostatic hypotension is a common and potentially dangerous condition in elderly patients, often accompanied by dizziness and falls. To diagnose orthostatic hypotension, many physicians rely on blood pressure measurements performed by nurses. DESIGN observational and descriptive study. SETTING departments of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Medicine, and Surgery in eight hospitals ...

Cognitive impairment (CI) and cognitive decline (CD) are common among older people and can be considered as conditions lying along a continuum from cognitively normal aging to dementia. Several factors are important for the onset of CI and CD, including female sex and the apolipoprotein Eε4 (apoEε4) genotype. Changes in blood pressure (BP) are associated with both CI and CD in older people. Hyp...

Evidence exists that women have lower orthostatic tolerance than men during quiescent standing. Water ingestion has been demonstrated to improve orthostatic tolerance in patients with severe autonomic dysfunction. We therefore sought to test the hypothesis that water ingestion would improve orthostatic tolerance in healthy young women more than in aged-matched men. Thirty seven (22 men and 15 w...

Women have decreased orthostatic tolerance compared with men, and anecdotal evidence suggests women are more susceptible to orthostatic intolerance in warm environments. Because estrogen and progesterone affect numerous physiological variables that may alter orthostatic tolerance, the purpose of our study was to compare orthostatic tolerance across the menstrual cycle phases in women during com...

SUMMARY Shy, Drager syndrome is multi system degeneration of the central nervous system along with pandysautonomia. It begins after age 50 and affects men twice as women. The cardinal manifestation are due to basal ganglia and orthostatic hypotension. In spite of extrapyramidal involvement the response is poor to conventional anti-Parkinsonian medications and if this is the case in a middle ag...

OBJECTIVES To examine the association of orthostatic hypotension with incident heart failure (HF) in older adults. METHODS Of the 5,273 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older free of baseline prevalent HF in the Cardiovascular Health Study, 937 (18%) had orthostatic hypotension, defined as ≥20 mmHg drop in systolic or ≥10 mmHg drop in diastolic blood pressure from supine to standin...

Over the past 30 years, noninvasive beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) monitoring has provided great insight into cardiovascular autonomic regulation during standing. Although traditional sphygmomanometric measurement of BP may be sufficient for detection of sustained orthostatic hypotension, it fails to capture the complexity of the underlying dynamic BP and heart rate responses. With the emergi...