PURPOSE We dissected prevailing assumptions about cryptorchidism and reviewed data that support and reject these assumptions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five questions about cryptorchidism and the risk of testicular cancer were identified because of their implications in parent counseling and clinical management. Standard search techniques through MEDLINE were used to identify all relevant English...

Background Testicular torsion is surgical emergency. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion is essential for testicular viability. At surgical exploration, the spermatic cord is seen twisted a variable number of times around its longitudinal axis. There is scant data regarding the degree of twisting and its association with testis outcomes. The purpose of our study is to explore h...

PURPOSE Retractile testis is considered to be a variant of normal testis in prepubertal boys. There is no agreed-upon management of retractile testis. The aim of this study was to provide data on the long-term outcomes of patients with retractile testis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed the medical record of 43 boys who were referred for suspected undescended or retra...

BACKGROUND Laparoscopy has gradually become the gold standard for the treatment of non-palpable testicles (NPT), with different success and complication rates. OBJECTIVES To evaluate outcomes of the one-stage laparoscopic orchiopexy for NPT in our department. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the medical files of patients who underwent laparoscopic orchidopexy with the identical techniqu...

The aim of this study was to examine the controversial effects of experimental unilateral cryptorchidism and subsequent orchiopexy on the number of germ cells and other morphometric characteristics of testicular and epididymal structures in adult rabbits. Unilateral cryptorchidism was induced in 11 mature male New Zealand white rabbits by returning one testis, together with the ipsilateral epid...

PURPOSE The frequency, significance and possible etiology of testicular ascent (acquired cryptorchidism) are characterized in light of the known incidence and natural history of congenital cryptorchidism, and data provided by longitudinal and epidemiological studies of ascended testes and orchiopexy rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS We comprehensively reviewed the literature addressing the epidemi...

BACKGROUND Androgens are crucial for normal testicular descent. Studies show that some pesticides have estrogenic or antiandrogenic effects, and that female workers exposed to pesticides have increased risk of having a boy with cryptorchidism. The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether pregnant women exposed to pesticides due to their work in horticulture experience exce...

BACKGROUND Epidural administration of dexamethasone might reduce postoperative pain in adults. We evaluated whether a caudal block of 0.1 mg kg(-1) dexamethasone combined with ropivacaine improves analgesic efficacy in children undergoing day-case orchiopexy. METHODS This randomized, double-blind study included 80 children aged 6 months to 5 yr who underwent day-case, unilateral orchiopexy. P...