Objectives—To determine the eVects of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) on skeletal health, soft tissue injury, and performance in female athletes. Methods—A literature review was performed using literature retrieval methods to locate relevant studies. Results—Most female athletes primarily choose to use the OCP for contraceptive purposes, but cycle manipulation and control of premenstrual symp...

Contraceptive Users To the Editor: We read with interest the article by Siritho et al on ischemic stroke risk in oral contraceptive users.1 This case-control study seems well conducted, but the conclusion is not consequential to the results obtained. The conclusion of a study is of crucial importance when it deals with the practical implication of the study itself, which, in the case in point, ...

We previously described how data from family planning research can be presented and summarised.1 In this paper we will describe how to use data obtained from a sample to answer questions about the population. For example, we might use data from a survey to estimate how many women purchase hormonal emergency contraception over-thecounter from pharmacies. Or we might seek to answer the question, ...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the proportion and number of cancers occurring in Australia in 2010 attributable to combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use. METHODS We estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) for cancers causally associated with combined OCP use (breast, cervix), and the proportion of endometrial and ovarian cancers prevented (prevented fraction [PF]). We used standard ...

background: we report a case series of cerebral vein thrombosis (cvt) in women who used oral contraceptive pill (ocp) in the muslims ramadan and fasting month. methods: this study was a retrospective case series of 9 patients with diagnosis of cvt, who admitted in the neurology ward of tohid hospital of sanandaj, iran, in july-august 2014-2015. results: patients had no history of thrombosis bef...

BACKGROUND Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding) is a benign yet debilitating social and health condition. Treatments prescribed in order to reduce excessive menstrual blood loss include prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, antifibrinolytics, the oral contraceptive pill and other hormones. The combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is claimed to have a variety of beneficial, inducing a regular...

OBJECTIVE To compare complications of third and second generation oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). METHODS In a randomized clinical trial from October 2007 to October 2008, 100 healthy women of reproductive age referred to Amir Hospital Family Planning Clinic and some heath centers in Semnan, Iran were randomized in 2 equal groups. They received either a third generation OCP (150 microgram de...

OBJECTIVE To estimate differences in continuation of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) between U.S. resident women obtaining pills in U.S. family planning clinics compared with over-the-counter in Mexican pharmacies. METHODS In El Paso, Texas, we recruited 514 OCP users who obtained pills over the counter from a Mexican pharmacy and 532 who obtained OCPs by prescription from a family planning c...