This paper is devoted to second order necessary optimality conditions for the Mayer optimal control problem when the control set U is a closed subset of R. We show that, in the absence of endpoint constraints, if an optimal control ū(·) is singular and integrable, then for almost every t such that ū(t) is in the interior of U , both the Goh and a generalized LegendreClebsch conditions hold true...

We consider a finite string where, at both end points, a homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition holds. One boundary point is fixed, and the other is moving; hence the length of the string is changing in time. The string is controlled through the movement of this boundary point. We consider movements of the boundary that are Lipschitz continuous. Only movements for which at the given finite te...

We consider a stochastic optimal control problem for an heat equation with boundary noise and boundary controls. Under suitable assumptions on the coefficients, we prove existence of optimal controls in strong sense by solving the stochastic hamiltonian system related.

Supercritical fluid extraction systems can be configured in a number of different ways and the operating conditions can span the full continuum of temperatures and pressures. Every combination presents differing solubilities and mass transfer behaviour and results in different cost. Optimal conditions for processing are rarely coincident with optimal conditions for maximum solubility. For a typ...

In this research, a new effective photocatalyst was prepared by supporting ZnO on a Todorokite (TD). This catalyst was characterized by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns. The optical properties of the samples were measured by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The purpose of using the ZnO/TD as a photocatalyst was to reduction Cr(VI), whi...

In this paper, a consistent pattern with the optimal coordinated design of PSS and SSSC controller to improve the damping of low frequency oscillations is shown. In this design, sensing and signal transmission time delays are considered as effectiveness parameters. The design problem has been considered an optimization problem and biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm is used for sear...

in recent years, biosurfactants due to wide applications in chemical, petroleum, food andpharmaceutical industries, have been widely considered by researchers. biosurfactants are produced by aseries of microorganisms, so it is important to screen culture medium and operating conditions in miniaturized bioreactors prior to scaling up to large bioreactors.in this study, using a kind of miniaturiz...

background and objectives: operating room (or) scheduling is key to optimal operating room productivity. the significant uncertainty associated with surgery duration renders scheduling of surgical operation a challenging task. this paper proposes a novel computational stochastic model to optimize scheduling of surgeries with uncertain durations. the model considers various surgical operation co...