The aetiology of ophthalmoplegia in 15 patients with carotid-cavernous sinus fistula is discussed, and the clinical findings are correlated with angiographic and orbital CT appearances. After closure of the fistula the majority of patients with generalised ophthalmoplegia recovered full ocular movements rapidly, while patients with an isolated abduction weakness required much longer to return t...

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is a syndrome that develops due to a lesion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. This lesion is mostly caused by multiple sclerosis (usually bilaterally), and only rarely by head injury. A case is presented of unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia as an isolated sequel of minor head trauma, which eventually resolved. A 40-year-old woman with isolated internuclea...

The human mitochondrial genome is replicated by DNA polymerase γ, which is encoded by polymerase γ gene (POLG1) on chromosome 15q25. Patients with POLG1 mutations usually present as Alpers' syndrome or progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Our patient was a 48-year old woman with sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, ophthalmoplegia, and dysphagia. Sequence analysis revealed that she has two h...

Ophthalmoplegia or the paralysis of nerves supplying extraocular muscles can be due to numerous etiologies. In alcohol users, ophthalmoplegia might Wernicke's encephalopathy. A high dose thiamine should used with a index suspicion in such cases, but at same time, other life-threatening conditions not missed. Careful history taking, clinical features and neuro imaging guide identifying likely ae...

Ophthalmoplegia is an unusual finding in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. This report describes the case of a 72-year old male patient who presented with ophthalmoplegia but no gross neurological manifestations and an isolated mass in the left upper thigh. His ophthalmoplegia improved from his first cycle of systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy, his thigh mass effusion spontaneously resolved, an...