Since the pioneering days of in vitro fertilization, hCG has been the gold standard to induce final follicular maturation. We herein reviewed different pharmaceutical options for triggering of final oocyte maturation in ART. The new upcoming agent seems to be GnRHa with its potential advantages over hCG trigger. GnRHa triggering elicits a surge of gonadotropins resembling the natural midcycle s...

Westergaard LG, Yding Andersen C. GnRH agonist (Buserelin) or hCG for ovulation induction in GnRH antagonist IVF/ICSI cycles: a prospective randomised study. Hum Reprod 2005; 20:1213–1220. Humaidan P, Bungum L, Bungum M, Yding Andersen C. Rescue of corpus luteum function with peri-ovulatory hCG supplementation in IVF/ICSI GnRH antagonist cycles in which ovulation was triggered with a GnRH agoni...

OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of intrauterine instillation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the day of ovulation triggering or oocyte retrieval in infertile women with a thin endometrium. METHODS Fifty women whose endometrial thickness (EMT) was ≤8 mm at the time of triggering during at least one previous in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle and an ind...

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) have gained increasing attention in the last decade as an alternative trigger for oocyte maturation in patients at high risk for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). They provide a short luteinizing hormone (LH) peak that limits the production of vascular endothelial growth factor, which is the key mediator leading to increased vascular perme...

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BACKGROUND Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) has been used as a replacement for the mid-cycle luteinizing hormone (LH) surge for several years. The recent arrival of recombinant DNA technology has made recombinant HCG (rHCG) accessible. OBJECTIVE To assess efficacy of rHCG compared to urinary HCG (uHCG) for triggering of ovulation and induction of final oocyte maturation in assisted reproduc...

Previous studies indicate that stress damages oocytes with increased secretion of glucorticoids. However, although injection of female mice with cortisol decreased oocyte competence, exposure of mouse oocytes directly to physiological or stress-induced concentrations of glucorticoids did not affect oocyte maturation and embryo development. This study has explored the mechanisms by which glucoco...

Background Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) was increasingly used for triggering oocyte maturationfor the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Studies suggest that GnRH-a might be used as a better trigger agent since it causes both Luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone release from a physiologic natural cycle. Objective The aim of this study was to e...

OBJECTIVE To compare the oocyte-activating ability of whole human round spermatids and their isolated nuclei. DESIGN Prospective study using sibling oocytes from patients undergoing spermatid conception and intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment cycles. SETTING Private assisted reproduction laboratories and a university department. PATIENT(S) Couples with male infertility. INTERVENT...

Fertilization marks the end of oogenesis and the beginning of embryogenesis. The legacy of oogenesis is, however, maintained by virtue of the stored nutritional and regulatory molecules that fuel, and in many cases direct, early development. The signal that stimulates the transition from oocyte to embryo is a sperm-induced increase in the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+. Thus successfu...