Crude oil distillation (atmospheric distillation column with furnace) consumes about 50% of the energy required in oil refinery plant. To achieve further reduction of the energy required in oil refinery plants, it is required to investigate the crude oil distillation and to retrofit it for energy saving process. Recently, authors developed an innovative process design technology, self-heat recu...

.................................................................................................................................. vi CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 1 References ....................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2. COMPA...

Reasons for Blending Crude Oils at a Refinery Oil refineries, and especially their on-process units that process the primary crude feed stocks, are not uniform in either design or operation. The refinery process units and the combination of units built and in service at a given refinery location are part of a plan to accommodate a certain slate of crudes based on their properties. These decisio...

The objectives of this work were to develop a means of sampling atmospheric dusts on the premises of an oil refinery for electron microscopic study to carry out preliminary morphological analyses and to compare these dusts with those collected at sites beyond the refinery limits. Carbon and collodion membranes were used as a support for collection of dust particles straight on transmission elec...

A model predictive control (MPC) strategy is developed to determine the optimal solution of the short-term refinery production planning problem. The main objective of the proposed algorithm is to maximize the total profit and to minimize the costs regarding the refinery process over a planning horizon. The refinery planning problem is solved in discrete time over a pre-determined prediction hor...

1 Data 1.1 U.S. Refineries 1.1.1 Sources of data I match and compile three data sets on characteristics and imports of U.S. refineries collected by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA): (i) capacity of distillation unit and upgrading units (parts 6-7 of form EIA-820: annual refinery report); (ii) imports of crude oil, (form EIA-814: monthly imports report) (iii) domestic purchases o...

The activities involved in the production and exploration of crude oil has constantly polluted environment. This study investigated ability an indigenous fungus to utilize petroleum hydrocarbon. Response Surface Methodology was used optimize effects pH, microbial concentration (spores/ml), contact time (days) on removal efficiency refinery effluent. Monocillium sp. isolated for treatment efflue...