while performance-based language assessment has led to an increased authenticity and content validity in the practice of writing assessment, the reliability of ratings has become a major issue. research findings have shown different reactions by native english speaker (nes) and non-native english speaker (nns) teachers to students’ writings. the focus of this study is on investigating whether i...

abstract the present study investigated the effects of task types and involvement load hypothesis on incidental learning of 10 target words (tws) in junior high schools (jhss) in givi, ardabil. the tasks deployed in this study were two input-based tasks (reading plus dictionary use with an involvement index of 3, and reading plus gap-fill task with an involvement index of 2), and one output-ba...

this research is about the political economy of china in central asia. in this research the political & economic interactions affected on chinas political economy in central asia are examined. chinas goal of presence in central asia including political-security, economic and energy goals is described in one part. in another part, the trade relations between china and central asian countries ar...

purpose a metabolic abnormality such as obesity is a major obstacle in the maintenance of the human health system and causes various chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, as well as various cancers. this study was designed to summarize the recent scientific knowledge regarding the anti-obesity role of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), which is isolated f...

abstract deviation or in other words committing a crime is literally a social problem. this research that was conducted in 1389 and 1390 has tried to investigate the causes of crimes committed by young male inmates qazvin central prison and effective variables on their tendency to deviation. accordingly after collecting theoretical framework and offering theoretical model including both hirsch...

میثاق حقوق مدنی و سیاسی کشورهای عضو را ملزم می دارد در نظام داخلی خود تمهیداتی به منظور تضمین بهره مندی افراد از حقوق مندرج در این معاهده پیش بینی کنند. این ضمانت ها شامل قانون گذاری و تمهیدات قانونی از یک سو و مکانیسم های جبران خسارت و دادخواهی از سوی دیگر است. در نظام حقوقی ایران، دیوان عدالت اداری به عنوان یکی از نهادهای قوه قضائیه بخشی از این وظیفه را بر عهده دارد. در این تحقیق نقش دیوان در...

an investigation into oral interaction in language classes: a conversation analytic point of view the aim of this thesis is to analyze the interaction between language teachers and students in english language institutes. this work is done in the context of yasuj city. learning another language, which is in most cases english, involves many variables. one of these variables is the linguistic...

why some learners are willing to communicate in english, concurrently others are not, has been an intensive investigation in l2 education. willingness to communicate (wtc) proposed as initiating to communicate while given a choice has recently played a crucial role in l2 learning. it was hypothesized that wtc would be associated with language learning orientations (llos) as well as social suppo...