Toxoplasmosis is a major and preventable cause of severe visual handicap and blindness in young people. Congenital toxoplasmosis, as well as toxoplasmosis in immuno-compromised patients, is a serious, sometimes fatal disease. I 2 Toxoplasmic encephalitis has gained importance as a leading cause of AIDS related mortality. Toxoplasma gondii, the aetiological agent of human and animal toxoplasmosi...

Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystemic granulomatous disorder thought to result from an exaggerated cellular immune response to a variety of self antigens or non-self antigens. The aetiology of sarcoidosis is unknown, which might be in part related to the diverse manifestations of the disease and the absence of approved diagnostic criteria. Although specific inhalation antigens have been put fo...

Thirty-eight patients with scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis) without renal failure were subjected to detailed clinical ophthalmic assessment. Abnormalities were frequent. However, many of these, including lens opacities, vitreous frosting, and arteriosclerotic changes, were considered to be age-related, and there were various incidental changes. Posterior subcapsular lens opacities i...

marfan syndrome (mfs) is a genetic disorder which is inherited by autosomal dominant traits. in mfs, lens displacement and cardiovascular involvement are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the clinical course of the disease. in this case study, the ocular involvement in a family with severe penetration of mfs is reported. twelve members of a family (father, two daughters, three sons...

OBJECTIVES To describe the acute and late ocular manifestations of toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and overlap syndrome and to identify predictors for the development of ocular complications. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING A single referral unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS The study included 159 patients (mean [SD] age, 49.9 [19.8] years)...