Promising management of eye ailments take off effective concentration of drug at the eye for sufficient period of time. Ocular drug delivery is hampered by the barriers protecting the eye. The bioavailability of the active drug substance is often the major hurdle to overcome. Conventional ocular dosage form, including eye drops, are no longer sufficient to combat ocular diseases. This article r...

In current drug delivery scenario, despite numerous scientific efforts, efficient ocular drug delivery remains a challenge for pharmaceutical scientists. In ocular drug delivery system, ocular infections are treated by various topical drug applications in the form of solutions, suspensions and ointment. These conventional dosage forms suffer from the problems of poor ocular bioavailability due ...

Glaucoma is a common eye disease that can cause irreversible blindness if left undiagnosed and untreated. Glaucoma is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder of the eye. Glaucoma can be roughly divided into two main categories "open angle" and "closed angle" (or "angle closure") glaucoma. Every available treatment to prevent progressive glaucoma involves a certain amount of risk and financial ex...

Several drug delivery systems have been proposed to overcome physiological barriers, improving ocular bioavailability. Systemic routes are seldom used due to the blood-ocular barrier. Novel drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology techniques have been developed to overcome ocular physiological barriers. This non-systematic review suggests the utilization of a transitory blood-ocular breakd...

Ocular drug delivery is challenging due to the presence of anatomical and physiological barriers. These barriers can affect drug entry into the eye following multiple routes of administration (e.g., topical, systemic, and injectable). Topical administration in the form of eye drops is preferred for treating anterior segment diseases, as it is convenient and provides local delivery of drugs. Maj...

Objective(s): Micelles have been studied as nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for improving the topical ocular delivery of hydrophobic drugs. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize dexamethasone-loaded polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (PCL-PEG-PCL) micelles to improve patient compliance and enhance the ocular bioavailability of poorly water-soluble ...

Diclofenac sodium as ophthalmic dosage form is used in patients treatment of eye pain, swelling and redness recovering from cataract surgery but it faces the bioavailability limitation of eye drops due to effective protective mechanisms and corneal barrier functions in the eyes. Therefore, this investigation was aimed to develop ocular film formulations to achieve controlled drug release. Drug ...

Poor bioavailability is one of the most significant problems in delivery ocular drug system. Ophthalmic ointments, solutions and suspensions are frequently used dosage forms to treat disease, their effectiveness as a compromised by several limitations that lead poor bioavailability. In situ gel promising strategy improve drugs. The purpose this review discuss formulation characterization gel. T...

Ocular inflammations are common diseases that may lead to serious vision-threatening obstacles. Eye drops for antiinflammation therapy need to be administered multiple times daily at a high dosage due to the rapid precorneal removal and low bioavailability of drugs. To overcome these problems, a cRGD-functionalized DSPE-PEG2000 nanomicelle (DSPE-PEG2000-cRGD) encapsulated with flurbiprofen is p...