background nafld/nash is a manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is associated with obesity/overweight. not all obese/overweight individuals develop nash. gastro-esophageal reflux disease (gerd) is considered a gastrointestinal manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and is associated with obesity/overweight. again not all obese/overweight individuals develop gerd. recent data show associatio...

BACKGROUND: Spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) is a progressive disease and is usually fatal in the first year of life. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of SMA1 patients and their outcomes according to the following choices: letting nature take its course (NT); tracheostomy and invasive mechanical ventilation (TV); continuous noninvasive respiratory muscle aid (NRA), inclu...

Nucleus retroambiguus (NRA), in the caudal medulla, projects to all spinal levels. One physiological role is abdominal pressure control, evidenced by projections to intercostal and abdominal motoneurons from expiratory bulbospinal neurons (EBSNs) within NRA. The roles of NRA projections to the lumbosacral cord are less certain, although those to limb motoneurons may relate to mating behavior an...

The skin flush response to niacin is abnormally blunted among a subset of patients with schizophrenia (SZ), preferentially associates with SZ compared to other mental illnesses, occurs frequently in nonpsychotic members of SZ-affected families, appears heritable, and shows evidence of genetic association. The niacin response abnormality (NRA) may prove to be a useful SZ endophenotype. Using a l...

The nitrate reductase assay (NRA) was used as an alternative method for detection of resistance to the first-line antituberculous drugs isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin. A total of 320 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were studied and the results compared with the proportion method (PM) on Löwenstein-Jensen medium. The mean time to obtain results was 10 days and the overa...

The labor supply incentives provided by the early retirement rules of the United States Social Security Old Age benefits program are of growing importance as the Normal Retirement Age (NRA) increases to 67, and the labor force participation of Older Americans starts to increase. These incentives allow individuals who claim benefits before the NRA but continue to work, or return to the labor for...

The patterns of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in the leaves (in vivo assay) and root nodule nitrogenase activity (C(2)H(2) reduction) were investigated throughout the season in field-grown Phaseolus vulgaris plants.Maximal NRA (per g fresh weight) occurred at early stages of leaf development but total activity (per leaf) was maximal when the leaf reached full size. In mature plants, most NRA...

PURPOSE To determine the distribution of negative relative accommodation (NRA) and positive relative accommodation (PRA) and its relationship with binocular vision indices in a young population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study conducted in a student population, samples were selected through multistage cluster sampling. All the samples underwent the measurement of uncorrected and correct...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a major cause of health care-associated infections. Rapid detection of MRSA facilitates the early initiation of appropriate treatment and infection control. Hence, the present study was undertaken to standardize and evaluate the performance of rapid colorimetric nitrate reductase assay (NRA) for determining methi...

The objective of the study was to estimate genetic correlations between skin lesions and aggressive behavior postmixing and under more stable social conditions as a potential means of selecting against pig aggressiveness. Postmixing aggression in commercial pig production is common, compromises welfare and profitability, and cannot be significantly reduced by low-cost changes to the environment...