The endothelial surface of the isolated rabbit cornea was perfused with modified KEI medium, according to the method reported previously. This in vitro cornea maintained its thickness within the normal range even after the epithelium ivas removed. The endothelial permeability of these in vitro corneas to tritiated water, >C-labeled urea, sucrose, and inulin teas determined. The reflection coeff...

Abstract The liquid state is one of the three principal states matter and arguably most important one; mixtures represent a large research field profound theoretical practical interest. This topic importance in many areas applied sciences, such as chemical engineering, geochemistry, environmental biophysics biomedical technology. First, I will concisely present review concepts from classical th...

The extended universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) model is a thermodynamic model for solutions containing electrolytes and nonelectrolytes. The model is a Gibbs excess function consisting of a Debye–Hückel term and a standard UNIQUAC term. The model only requires binary ion-specific interaction parameters. A unique choice of standard states makes the model able to reproduce solid–liquid, vapor–liq...

Distribution ratios of water-soluble nonelectrolytes have been measured for two systems, human red bood cells/isotonic saline and hemoglobin solutions/water. The results show that for these solutes there is a significant amount of nonsolvent water associated with Hb. However, the amount of this nonsolvent water depends markedly on the temperature, as well as on the size, steric configuration, a...

Binary mixtures of taste stimuli were applied to the tongue of the hamster and the reaction of the whole corda tympani was recorded. Some of the chemicals that were paired in mixtures (HCl, NH4Cl, NaCl, CaCl2, sucrose, and D-phenylalanine) have similar tastes to human and/or hamster, and/or common stimulatory effects on individual fibers of the hamster chorda tympani; other pairs of these chemi...

Both the permeability coefficients (Pd's) through lipid bilayer membranes of varying composition (lecithin [L], lecithin:cholesterol [LC], and spingomyelin:cholesterol [SC]) and the n-hexadecane:water partition coefficients (Knc's) of H2O and seven nonelectrolytes (1,6 hexanediol, 1,4 butanediol, n-butyramide, isobutyramide, acetamide, formamide, and urea) were measured. For a given membrane co...