The examination of variation of elastic modules in single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is the aim of this paper. Full nonlinear spring-like elements are employed to simulate specific atomic structures in the commercial code ABAQUS. Carbon atoms are attached to each node as a mass point using atomic mass of carbon atoms. The influence of dimensions such as variation of length, diameter, aspect...

This paper presents a solution to the adaptive-control problem by considering a general discrete-time linear time-invariant dynamic model to be controlled. A new adaptive-control scheme is presented which uses an extension to the generalized secant method of solving a set of linear equations. 1] This new method is shown to signii-cantly outperform the self-tuning regulator in the control of two...

This article describes a set of experiences in modeling dynamic systems using Genetic Programming and Gene Expression Programming. We have made experiments in linear systems, non-linear systems and times series. The experiments in linear systems include linear pendulum, coupled mass-spring, electrical circuits, etc. In non-linear systems we have modeled the Van der Pol Equation, non-linear pend...

malian animals, i.e. that of a cat. It was also influenced by the spring-mass model representation [2]. Compliant prismatic legs show an intrinsic robustness for their angle of attack [2], they have a stability region. If the leg design is changed into a two segmented leg with a specific linear torsional spring, the leg stiffness kleg becomes nonlinear (Fig. 2(b) blue line), similar to that of ...

Series elastic actuators have a spring intentionally placed at the actuator output. Measuring the spring strain gives an accurate measurement for closed-loop actuator force control. The low spring stiffness allows for high control gain while maintaining actuator stability. This gives series elastic actuators many desirable properties including high bandwidth at moderate force amplitudes, low ou...