data utilized in this study were 6800 records of lambs’ life longevity, and survival rate from 263 sires and 1839 dams collected from 1989 through 2009, from the lori-bakhtiari flock at shooli station in shahrekord. the data were analyzed, using linear and hazard ratio models along with weibul function. these models included such non genetic factors as year and month of birth, sex of lamb, type...

Simulation of electric power systems becomes more and more important in order to, among other things see through scenarios before they become real. Since power systems are more integrated and contain more complex components nowadays, the simulation is today a bigger task than decades ago. In parallel with the expansion of electric power systems, computers have made it possible to create models ...

We consider the filtering problem for linear models where the driving noises may be quite general, non-white and non-Gaussian, and where the observation noise may only be known to belong to a finite family of possible disturbances. Using diffusion approximation methods, we show that a certain nonlinear filter minimizes the asymptotic filter variance. This nonlinear filter is obtained by choosin...

the rational expectations permanent income hypothesis implies that consumption follows a martingale. however, most empirical tests have rejected the hypothesis. those empirical tests are based on linear models. if the data generating process is non-linear, conventional tests may not assess some of the randomness properly. as a result, inference based on conventional tests of linear models can b...

A constraint is a limitation or a restriction that poses a threat to the performance and efficiency of a system. This paper presented a tactical review approach to production constraints modeling. It discussed the theory of constraints (TOC) as a thinking process and continuous improvement strategy to curtail constraints in other to constantly increase the performance and efficiency of a system...