An efficient synthesis route to 1,4-dihydropyrimidine derivatives from reaction of divergent aldehydes with ethylacetoacetate and urea under solvent-free conditions by ZnO nanoparticles as a relative in expansive, eco-friendly, easy available, non-volatile, non-explosion, thermally robust, recyclable and easy to handle catalyst at 90°C with excellent yields is described. Unenhanced reaction tim...

An efficient synthesis route to 1,4-dihydropyrimidine derivatives from reaction of divergent aldehydes with ethylacetoacetate and urea under solvent-free conditions by ZnO nanoparticles as a relative in expansive, eco-friendly, easy available, non-volatile, non-explosion, thermally robust, recyclable and easy to handle catalyst at 90°C with excellent yields is described. Unenhanced reaction tim...

Pyramid Image Coding is a natural coding scheme for applications where progressive transmission is desired. In this kind of coder, versions of the original image at several resolution levels are formed by successive filtering and subsampling. Then, beginning from the coarsest image, the image is used to produce an estimate for the next (higher resolution) level and the error is coded and transm...

Intervals are related to the representation of uncertainty. In this sense, we introduce an integral of Gould type for an interval-valued multifunction relative to an interval-valued set multifunction, with respect to Guo and Zhang order relation. Classicaland specific properties of this new type of integral are established and several examples and applications from multicriteria decision making...

In this paper, we present a convergence rate analysis for the inexact Krasnosel’skĭı– Mann iteration built from nonexpansive operators. Our results include two main parts: we first establish global pointwise and ergodic iteration–complexity bounds, and then, under a metric subregularity assumption, we establish local linear convergence for the distance of the iterates to the set of fixed points...

In a recent paper we have shown that most non-expansive Lipschitz functions (in the sense of Baire’s category) have a maximal Clarke subdifferential. In the present paper, we show that in a separable Banach space the set of non-expansive Lipschitz functions with a maximal Clarke subdifferential is not only of generic, but also staunch. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 49J52.

The Ruelle operator theorem has been studied extensively both in dynamical systems and iterated function systems. In this paper we study the Ruelle operator theorem for non-expansive systems. Our theorems give some sufficient conditions for the Ruelle operator theorem to be held for a non-expansive system.

We study homoclinic points of non-expansive automorphisms of compact abelian groups. Connections between the existence of non-trivial homoclinic points, expansiveness, entropy and adjoint automorphisms (in the sense of Einsiedler and Schmidt) are explored. Some implications for countable abelian group actions by automorphisms of compact abelian groups are also considered and it is shown that if...