Processing of meat and crops accounts for a large share of manufacturing in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The paper assesses empirically the impact of hypothesized productivity change in agro-food processing on growth, trade, employment, and input and output prices in SSA, using a 13 commodity, 7 region version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) applied general equilibrium model with a 199...

This paper investigates the ability of the new economic geography to explain the existence of the manufacturing belt in the United States around the turn of the 20 century using a model which subsumes both market-potential and factor-endowment arguments. The results show that market potential was central to the existence of the manufacturing belt, that it mattered more than factor endowments, a...

The Caribbean region has long been characterised by mono-crop agriculture for export while relying on costly imported goods to meet basic needs, a lingering legacy of plantation economies. Since World War II the trend has become increasingly evident in a regional shift away from domestic production of agricultural foodstuff s, resulting in an agricultural deficit as production decreased and foo...

scheduling has become an attractive area for artificial intelligence researchers. on other hand, in today's real-world manufacturing systems, the importance of an efficient maintenance schedule program cannot be ignored because it plays an important role in the success of manufacturing facilities. a maintenance program may be considered as the heath care of manufacturing machines and equip...

Pollution-intensive industries are generally characterized by imperfect competition, increasing returns to scale and large transportation costs. We investigate two countries, N and S, each with two sectors. Manufacturing generates cross-border pollution which reduces agricultural production. Firms can freely move across country borders, but not workers. First, we show that pollution lowers loca...

The technology-driven evolution of crop plants from producers of basic food and fiber materials to producers of a broader range of specific molecules involved in human health and well-being is well under way. It will mark the beginning of a fundamental change in agricultural practices and the farm economy. The relentless discovery of naturally produced molecules in plants and their direct invol...

This paper shows that the development from an agricultural regime through industrialization to a manufacturing regime occurs simultaneously to the demographic transition and the change in labor structure towards an increasing fraction of skilled labor due to technological progress. The manufacturing sector is economically viable when the technological level is sufficiently high. During the indu...

in this study, a two-objective mixed-integer linear programming model (milp) for multi-product re-entrant flow shop scheduling problem has been designed. as a result, two objectives are considered. one of them is maximization of the production rate and the other is the minimization of processing time. the system has m stations and can process several products in a moment. the re-entrant flow sho...