The isolation and characterization of non-coding genomic DNA sequences flanking coding regions is critical for the analysis of gene transcriptional control mechanisms. In this report, we describe a new polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for “walking” into previously uncloned regions of genomic DNA that negates the need for synthesis of double-stranded vectorette linkers (2), blocked o...

Meta-heuristic algorithms inspired by the natural processes are part of the optimization algorithms that they have been considered in recent years, such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, firefly algorithm. Recently, a new kind of evolutionary algorithm has been proposed that it is inspired by the human evolution process. This new algorithm has been call...

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) constitute a physiologic barrier in the intestine for many of the same substrates. Their expression can be influenced by nuclear receptor NR1I2 (pregnane X receptor; PXR), which acts as a receptor for various endobiotics and xenobiotics. However, P-gp and CYP3A4 are not identical in anatomic localization, suggesting unique as well as shared...

Description WSDL defines a service’s abstract description in terms of messages exchanged in a service interaction. There are three main components of this abstract interface: the vocabulary, the message, and the interaction. Agreement on a vocabulary is the foundation of any type of communication. WSDL uses external type systems to provide datatype definitions for the information exchange. Alth...

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) constitute a physiologic barrier in the intestine for many of the same substrates. Their expression can be influenced by nuclear receptor NR1I2 (pregnane X receptor; PXR), which acts as a receptor for various endobiotics and xenobiotics. However, P-gp and CYP3A4 are not identical in anatomic localization, suggesting unique as well as shared...

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) constitute a physiologic barrier in the intestine for many of the same substrates. Their expression can be influenced by nuclear receptor NR1I2 (pregnane X receptor; PXR), which acts as a receptor for various endobiotics and xenobiotics. However, P-gp and CYP3A4 are not identical in anatomic localization, suggesting unique as well as shared...

The use of DNA molecules to solve hard computational problems has been demonstrated in recent studies. However, the question of suitability of DNA for solving simple computer operations, such as boolean or arithmetic operations, has largely been unaddressed. Incorporation of these operations in DNA computing is essential for solving a wide range of applications. We present a xed bit encoding sc...