A rapid liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method for the determination of five nitroimidazoles in water from different sources is described. The extraction procedure was based on HLB solid-phase extraction with acetonitrile followed by an evaporation step. Ternidazol, another nitroimidazole, was used as the internal standard. The liquid chromatographic separation was made on a C18 bonded...

Several antimicrobials act by inhibiting the synthesis of nucleic acids (rifamycins, sulfamides, diaminopyridines), modifying their conformation (quinolones, coumarins) or causing irreversible lesions (nitroimidazoles, nitrofurans). The resistance mechanisms are: a reduction in intracytoplasmic accumulation, modification of the target or the production of a new low-affinity target and, more rar...

Three convenient methods of reduction of the nitro group of 5-nitroimidazoles and 5-nitrothiazole that bear a diethylmethylene malonate group in an ortho-like position with respect to the nitro group and cyclization of the resulting amino derivatives are reported. These reactions afforded the target bicyclic 2-pyridones in good to excellent yields.

A woman initially aged 25 was treated for seven years for symptomatic vaginal trichomoniasis. Throughout that period the patient received 5-nitroimidazoles at conventional and high dosages, antimicrobial agents to eliminate vaginal organisms capable of interfering with treatment, acidifying preparations, and vaccination with inactivated Lactobacillus acidophilus. Despite all the regimens used, ...

A confirmatory method has been developed to allow for the analysis of eleven nitroimidazoles and also chloramphenicol in milk and honey samples. These compounds are classified as A6 compounds in annex IV of council regulation 2377/90 and therefore prohibited for the use in animal husbandry. Milk samples are extracted by acetonitrile with addition of NaCl, while honey samples are first dissolved...

BACKGROUND We investigated the effectiveness of long-term antibiotic treatment in patients with Crohn's disease. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Data sources were Medline (from 1966 through June 2009), EMBASE (from 1980 through June 2009), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (issue 3, 2009), and references from relevant publ...

The minimal inhibitory concentrations of 45 antimicrobial agents were determined for 14 strains of Bacterium actinomycetem comitans (Actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans). All the strains showed good susceptibility to tetracyclines and chloramphenicol, but not to lincomycins. Some strains were clearly resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and nitroimidazoles. The lowest minimum inhibitory ...