Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers non-invasive, in-vivo, real-time monitoring of tissue oxygenation. Changes in regional tissue oxygenation as detected by NIRS may reflect the delicate balance between oxygen delivery and consumption. Originally used predominantly to assess cerebral oxygenation and perfusion perioperatively during cardiac and neurosurgery, and following head trauma, NIRS ...

BACKGROUND Peripheral muscle near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements are of increasing interest especially in the care of critically ill patients. OBJECTIVE The aim was to perform a systematic qualitative review on peripheral muscle NIRS measurements in the clinical care of term and preterm neonates. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed and Ovid Embase was performed using the follow...

This study investigates the correspondence of the cortical sensitivity of electroencephalography (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). EEG forward model sensitivity to the cerebral cortex was calculated for 329 EEG electrodes following the 10-5 EEG positioning system using a segmented structural magnetic resonance imaging scan of a human subject. NIRS forward model sensitivity was calcul...

This chapter aims to shed light on developmental cognitive neuroscience studies that use near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to examine the cortical response in developmental psychology and child psychiatry. NIRS was first applied to the human brain in 1977 (Jöbsis, 1977) for the noninvasive measurement of the haemodynamic activation in the cerebral cortex. NIRS is advantageous over other neuroim...

Neonates supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are at high risk of brain injury due to haemodynamic instability. In order to monitor cerebral and peripheral (muscle) haemodynamic and oxygenation changes in this population we used a dual-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system. In addition, to assess interrelations between NIRS and systemic variables, collected simulta...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is uncertainty whether bilateral near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can be used for monitoring of patients with acute stroke. METHODS The NIRS responsiveness to systemic and stroke-related changes was studied overnight by assessing the effects of brief peripheral arterial oxygenation and mean arterial pressure alterations in the affected versus nonaffected hemisphe...

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive optical imaging technique that can be used to measure cortical hemodynamic responses to specific stimuli or tasks. While analyses of NIRS data are normally adapted from established fMRI techniques, there are nevertheless substantial differences between the two modalities. Here, we investigate the impact of NIRS-specific noise; e.g., systemic (...

OBJECT Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers noninvasive bedside measurement of direct regional cerebral arteriovenous (mixed) brain oxygenation. To validate the accuracy of this monitoring technique, the authors analyzed the statistical correlation of NIRS and CT perfusion with respect to regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed all cas...

Introduction Up to 50% of preterm infants admitted to intensive care units require cardiocirculatory support. The aim of the present study was to assess whether simultaneous monitoring of cerebral tissue oxygenation index (cTOI) and peripheral tissue oxygenation index (pTOI) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in combination with dedicated intervention guidelines may help avoiding arterial ...

BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and functional MRI (fMRI) are non-invasive techniques used to relate activity in different brain regions to certain tasks. Respiratory calibration of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal, and combined fNIRS-fMRI approaches have been used to quantify physiological subcomponents giving rise to the BOLD signal. A comparison of abso...