The effect of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) association on the diketo/keto-enol tautomerism of thymine has been investigated through the use of B3LYP density functional theory calculations. Final energies were obtained at the B3LYP/6-311+G(2df,2p)//B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. Ni(II) and Cu(II) lead to an oxidation of thymine which for Zn(ii) is only partial and catalyze the tautomerization ...

Electromigration in the Ni/Sn-Zn/Cu solder interconnect was studied with an average current density of 3.51 9 10 A/cm for 168.5 h at 150 C. When the electrons flowed from the Ni side to the Cu side, uniform layers of Ni5Zn21 and Cu5Zn8 were formed at the Ni/Sn-Zn and Cu/Sn-Zn interfaces. However, upon reversing the current direction, where electron flow was from the Cu side to the Ni side, a th...

— The influence of the Zn and Cd ion contents upon the natural spin resonance in Ni-Zn and Ni-Cd ferrites has been investigated. Previous experiments by other authors have shown that substituting Zn ions for Ni ions leads to a change of the total effective anisotropy field and consequently of the natural spin resonance frequency fi. ft measurements have been carried out by using a coaxial line ...

BACKGROUND Wild rodents are suitable for monitoring environmental pollution and exposure risk assessment for people living in contaminated areas. The content of selected risk elements in the femora of bank vole (Myodes glareolus), yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) was estimated from the Kolíňany area of Slovakia, which is characterized by a high deg...

To better understand how renal Na(+) reabsorption is altered by heavy metal poisoning, we examined the effects of several divalent heavy metal ions (Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Pb(2+), Cd(2+), and Hg(2+)) on the activity of single epithelial Na(+) channels (ENaC) in a renal epithelial cell line (A6). None of the cations changed the single-channel conductance. However, ENaC activity [measured as the...

We evaluated the levels of essential elements as Cu, Cr, Fe and Zn, and toxic elements as Al, Ni, Pb and Cd in a total of 40 samples of different legumes and 56 samples of different nuts, that are widely consumed in Spain. These elements were determined in the samples mineralized with HNO(3) and V(2)O(5), using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) as the analytical technique. R...

The occurrence of nickel (Ni) deficiency of pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] in orchards is an increasingly common problem. There is uncertainly regarding the primary cause of the problem, as orchard soils have plenty of Ni. The influence of essential micronutrients on the endogenous bioavailability of Ni is unknown and is a possible factor triggering Ni deficiency. This study exa...

Urban rivers having different catchment areas and properties are investigated in order to infer their heavy metal contribution to the Izmir Inner Bay. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the waters and sediments of these rivers were measured and compared with the limit values given in the Sediment Quality Guidelines and Screening Quick Reference Tables (SQuiRTs). Metal concentra...

The chemically crosslinked metal-complexed chitosans were synthesized by using the ion-imprinting method from a chitosan with four metals (Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II)) as templates and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. The influences of adsorption conditions, including molar ratios of crosslinker/chitosan and pH changes, were studied. They were used to investigate for comparative adsorptio...

Metal mixture toxicity has been studied for decades. However, the results are not consistent, and thus ecological risk assessment and regulation of mixtures has been difficult. The objective of the present study was to use a systematic experimental design to characterize the toxicity of binary-metal mixture of Cu, Zn, and Ni to Pimephales promelas, typically to determine whether the effect of t...