the present study was an attempt to determine the types of motivation and levels of foreign language learning anxiety among efl students studying at azad and state universities in kermanshah and to determine the relationship between these two factors and language proficiency and gender. to this end, the foreign language learning motivation scale, by deci and ryan )1985(, were administered to 12...

this thesis attempts to investigate the effects of prelistening activities on enhancing iranian efl learners` listening comprehension. the present study investigated ways in which learners` background knowledge could be activated in order to enhance their l2 listening comprehension by limiting the number of possible text interpretations prior to listening. the experiments conducted in this stud...

this thesis attempts to measure learning styles, self efficacy and intrinsic motivation as predictors of iranian ielts reading comprehension. in order to address this issue, a quantitative study was conducted on some randomly selected intact students at ferdowsi university. these two groups were assigned as they were undergraduate (ba=91) and graduate (ma =74) students; they were all aged betwe...

having conducted the experiment and analysed the data, the researcher computed the groups mean scores and variances for the test relating to the research question. as the final atep, a t-test was conodonted for the hypothesis. as noted earlier, the significance level was determined at .05 and .01 respectively. the observed t-value was higher than the critical t-value at. 5 and .01 levels. conse...

a professional is someone whose work involves performing a certain function with some degree of expertise. but a narrower definition limits the term to apply to people such as teachers and doctors, whose expertise involves not only skill and knowledge but also the exercise of highly sophisticated judgment, and whose accreditation necessitates extensive study, often university-based as well as p...

In this study, arsenic concentration and hazard quotient (HQ) in eight species of marine fish in Khuzestan province including Epinephelus coioides, Acanthopagrus latus, Platycephalus indicus, Cynoglossus arel, Pampus argenteus, Tenualosa ilisha, Liza macrolepis and Liza klunzingeri were studied. This research was conducted in 2020. 15 fish were prepared from any of the different or fish landing...

Heavy metals are non-biodegradable and tend to accumulate in tissues of organisms such as fish. Considering the various health risks and the nutritional benefits associated with fish consumption; assessment of heavy metals in fish tissues is important. The present study aims to measure and assess  lead and cadmium concentrations in the muscles of Liza saliens from the Gomishan International Wet...

rested on sociocultural theory (sct), this study attempted to examine the effect of written corrective feedback (wcf) followed by producing written languaging on developing writing accuracy over new tasks. to this aim, two intact iranian efl classes at the low-intermediate level were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: direct (n = 25) and indirect (n = 25). both groups wrote on a numb...

Background and purpose: Heavy metal contamination of aquatic ecosystems is a major concern for animals and human health. Pollutants such as heavy metals accumulate the food chain and at the end, they transmit to the human body. In this research, the concentrations of nickel, lead and cadmium in Barbus grypus of Dez River, Iran, were determined and compared with international standards. Materia...