Newcastle disease is a highly contagious and economically important disease of poultry. Low-virulence Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains such as B1 and LaSota have been used as live vaccines, with a proven track record of safety and efficacy. However, these vaccines do not completely prevent infection or virus shedding. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the immunogenicity of these vaccin...

A Newcastle disease virus antigen quantification assay has been developed at CIDC-Lelystad as a candidate in vitro potency test for inactivated Newcastle disease vaccines. In studies performed at CIDC-Lelystad, a high correlation was demonstrated between the results of this candidate in vitro potency assay and the results of the serological potency assay (European Pharmacopoeia monograph 0870; ...

Current vaccination strategies for commercial poultry using live attenuated and inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines have some limitation and difficulties, and new vaccines with distinct features are needed. Recently, in ovo vaccination technology is concerned as a safe, efficacious, and convenient method. Common ND vaccines used in chickens cannot be employed in ovo due to embryo toxici...

The experiments aimed to develop the inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine in the form of water in oil (WO) and water in oil in water (WOW) using palm oil, which is easily found in tropical countries, and to study the effect of vitamin E in the form of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate for improving the efficacy of inactivated ND vaccine prepared from palm oil. Two hundred and twenty, thirty five da...

Vaccination programs to control Newcastle disease include use of low virulent live virus vaccines or inactivated vaccines to induce protective immunity. In order to further characterize the immune response elicited by live virus, we evaluated both cellular and humoral immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) consequent to vaccine application by oculonasal and intranasal routes. Specific...

Commercial chickens with a high level of maternal antibodies for Newcastle disease were vaccinated when newly hatched with Queensland V4 or Ulster 2C Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains by nebulization. The exposure time to a fine aerosol of vaccine produced with an ultrasonic nebulizer was 60 sec. The chickens were challenged oculonasally with virulent NDV strain Texas GB in weekly intervals...