Great effect of three way catalytic convertor (TWC) performance on oxygen sensor output voltage has made the sensor (located after catalyst) as the main signal in almost all today’s TWC monitoring algorithms. In this paper output voltage of nonlinear oxygen sensor is estimated using a nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (NARX) model. The estimation uses ECU calculated exhaust gas flo...

This paper aims to design thermal dummy cells (TDCs) that can be used in the development of lithium-ion battery management systems. Based on physical property and geometry real 18,650 cylindrical cells, a three-dimensional model TDCs was designed, it is numerically simulate performance TDCs. Simulations show TDC mimic temperature change surface cell both at static dynamic current load. Experime...

The integrated design of the drivetrain of a single person ultra light electric vehicle powered by batteries is optimized towards high efficiency and low mass. The drivetrain of each front wheel consists of an outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), a gearbox and the power electronics with converter and control print. The complete drivetrain is optimized for the New European Driv...

In order to further improve the whole vehicle economy of a novel plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), considering two main factors, which are the driving working conditions and the driving distance, influencing the whole vehicle economy, a control strategy based on fuzzy self-adaptive online recognition is provided. A fuzzy working condition recognition algorithm is designed to online recogn...

The hybrid electric vehicle is equipped with an internal combustion engine and motor as the driving source, which can solve problems of short range slow charging vehicle. Making effective energy management control strategy reasonably distribute output power motor, improve efficiency, reduce battery damage. To consumption excessive discharge at same time, a multi-objective based on particle swar...

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are driven by two energy convertors, i.e., an Internal Combustion (IC) engine and an electric machine. To make powertrain of HEV as efficient as possible, proper management of the energy elements is essential. This task is completed by HEV controller, which splits power between the IC engine and Electric Motor (EM). In this paper, a Genetic-Fuzzy control strategy...

Methanol, as a promising carbon-neutral fuel, has become research hotspot worldwide. In this study, pure gasoline and blended with five different volume ratios of methanol (10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 75%) were selected test fuels, which referred to M0, M10, M20, M30, M50, M75. The experiments on carbon pollutant emissions performance carried out passenger vehicle direct injection (GDI) turbocharged en...

Accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation can prolong lithium-ion battery life and improve its performance in practice. This paper proposes a new method for SOC estimation. The second-order resistor-capacitor (2RC) equivalent circuit model (ECM) is applied to describe the dynamic behavior of lithium-ion battery on deriving state space equations. A novel method for SOC estimation is then present...

In this paper a multi-variable LPV/H∞ control approach is applied to design a strategy for power source coordination within a multi-source energy system. Three different kinds of power sources – fuel cell, battery and ultracapacitor – compose the power supply system of an electric vehicle. All sources are current-controlled and paralleled together with their associated DC-DC converters on a com...

Inconsistencies that are associated with parallel-connected cells used in electric vehicles induce varied states of charge (SOCs) in each cell. Thus, loop current in the battery pack is inevitable, and this reduces overall capacity, energy utilization rate, and pack lifetime. However, no method is available to address loop current. To reduce loop current and the resulting battery inconsistency,...