PURPOSE Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in neurooncology, i.e., for diagnosis, treatment evaluation and detection of recurrence. However, standard MRI cannot always separate malignant tissue from other pathologies or treatment-induced changes. Advanced MRI techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging, perfusion imaging and spectroscopy show promising results in discriminating...

Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7362 [A. V. B., M. S. L., P. D. I.]; Division of Neurosurgery, Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [R. G. S.]; Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona [W. R. S.]; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Bosto...

Oligodendrogliomas are uncommon tumors in neurooncology that represent about 5% of primary brain malignancies. Their high sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy was observed a long time ago. Nonetheless, the evidence-based proof of the significantly longer survival in patients with oligodendrogliomas treated with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy in comparison to radiotherapy-alone d...

Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7362 [A. V. B., M. S. L., P. D. I.]; Division of Neurosurgery, Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [R. G. S.]; Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona [W. R. S.]; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Bosto...