In the reverse supply chain inventory theory, inventory models are concerned with the demand of reusable parts, stock replenishment, ordering cycle, delivery lead time, number of disassembled products, ordering costs. The particularity of these models consists in the occurrence of high uncertainties of the quantity and quality of the returned products and resulting parts. To overcome the proble...

achieving optimal production cycle time for improving manufacturing processes is one of the common problems in production planning. during recent years, different approaches have been developed for solving this problem, but most of them assume that mean quality characteristic is constant over production run length and sets it on customer’s target value. however, the process mean may drift from ...

Achieving optimal production cycle time for improving manufacturing processes is one of the common problems in production planning. During recent years, different approaches have been developed for solving this problem, but most of them assume that mean quality characteristic is constant over production run length and sets it on customer’s target value. However, the process mean may drift from ...

Little attention is given in the literature to decisions on the appropriate selection of suppliers, and on assigning order quantities to these suppliers, in the case of multiple sourcing, with multiple criteria and with suppliers' capacity constraints. Only a few mathematical programming models to analyse such decisions have been published to date, and these have tended to consider only net pri...

In the present paper, the effect of income elasticity on demand has been considered and the buyer’s optimal special order quantity and optimal time has been determined, when supplier reduces sale price then buyer may offer a discount to push his sale to increase his profit margin. Income elasticity effect in inventory analysis has been introduced to obtain the gain equation to find the optimal ...

Conventional wisdom among environmental economists is that the relative slopes of the marginal social benefit and marginal social cost functions determine whether a price-based or quantity-based environmental regulation leads to higher expected social welfare. We revisit the choice between price-based vs. quantity-based environmental regulation under Knightian uncertainty; that is, when uncerta...

We gathered information on the cost-effectiveness of life-saving interventions in the United States from publicly available economic analyses. "Life-saving interventions" were defined as any behavioral and/or technological strategy that reduces the probability of premature death among a specified target population. We defined cost-effectiveness as the net resource costs of an intervention per y...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost effectiveness of the Lifesavers Residential Fire and Injury Prevention Program (LRFIPP), a smoke alarm giveaway program. SETTING In 1990, the LRFIPP distributed over 10,000 smoke alarms in an area of Oklahoma City at high risk for residential fire injuries. The program also included fire prevention education and battery replacement components. METHODS A cost e...

Supply chains (SC) are generally complex and are characterized by numerous activities spread over multiple functions and organizations, which pose interesting challenges for effective SC coordination. To meet these challenges, SC members must work towards a unified system and coordinate with each other. Importance of coordination in SC has escalated many folds. SC coordination requires that eac...