A bstract The amplituhedron determines scattering amplitudes in planar $$ \mathcal{N} N = 4 super Yang-Mills by a single “positive geometry” the space of kinematic and loop variables. We study closely related definition for simplest case four-particle scattering, given as sum over complementary “negative geom...

Identification of chloroplast coupling factor particles, by the freeze-etching and negative-staining techniques, was made utilizing chloroplast thylakoids isolated from spinach leaves. Complete removal of particles, comparable in diameter to purified coupling factor particles, from the outer surface of freeze-etched thylakoids was achieved by treatment with 0.8% silicotungstate. Reappearance of...

This paper is aimed at studying the effect of a magnetic field on the martensitic transition of a Cu–Al–Mn shape-memory alloy. The martensitic transition has been studied through resistance measurements under applied magnetic fields ranging from 0 to 50 kOe. Negative magnetoresistance showing an almost linear dependence with the square of the magnetization has been observed. This magnetoresisti...

The first regioselective oxidative coupling of 2-hydroxycarbazoles is described. With a vanadium catalyst and oxygen as the terminal oxidant, dimers with an ortho-ortho' coupling pattern were obtained with high selectivity. Further oxidation led to ortho'-ortho' coupling to generate a tetramer, which provided insight that the atropisomerization barriers of the unsymmetrical biaryl bonds are muc...

Experiments are presented to describe the effect of capacitive coupling of two electrochemical oscillators during Ni dissolution in sulfuric acid solution. Equivalent circuit analysis shows that the coupling between the oscillators occurs through the difference between the differentials of the electrode potentials. The differential nature of the coupling introduces strong negative nonisochronic...

The diffraction of electromagnetic plane waves by a rectangular grating formed by discrete steps in the interface of a homogeneous, isotropic, linear, negative phase-velocity (negative index) material with free space is studied using the semi-analytic C method. When a nonspecular diffracted order is of the propagating type, coupling to that order is significantly larger for a negative index mat...