globalization, as the most important change at recent age, depends on developing of science, technology and information. it has several effects on aspects of human activities such as social and political studies and changing ideas. moreover, power, the central concept in politics, has confronted different approaches. so, any subject, e.g. political development, needs re-definition and re-explan...

This paper is partly born of an increasing sense of uncertainty about how to do syntax. Time was, we linguists had at our disposal a generally accepted arsenal of analytic devices to deal with a familiar range of constructions and phenomena. However, as the phenomena under study began to proliferate, so did the analyses. The increasingly baroque GB architecture began to collapse under the weigh...

Th is paper discusses Quine’s argument against quantifi ed modal logic and de re necessity from the point of view of his epistemological conception of objects as posits. Quine’s argument is based on an illustration of the interference of descriptive specifi cations of an object in purported de re modal judgments. Quine thinks this sort of interference shows that the notion of necessity does not...

in terms of de dicto necessity, necessity conceived as a property of propositions or sentences. The heart of Plantinga's theory is his scheme for the reduction of de re modal sentences to equivalent de dicto ones. The idea is to provide an equivalent sentence containing no modal operators within the scope of a quantifier for every sentence asserting that some thing is necessarily or essentially...

This p areas of inform Information Ret Retrieval (MLIR language and re MLIR deals with and retrieving languages. With ability to find in necessity. We a information retr overall review of languages.