In Pakistan, carcinoma of the esophagus ranks as the 5th commonest tumour in females and 9th in males. At our centre we see about 20-25 cases of malignant dysphagia each year. In most, the etiology is squamous cell carcinoma with only 2% occurrence of adenocarcinoma secondary to Barrett’s esophagus. Though surgical results with transhiatal esophagectomy have improved over the past decade with b...

We report our first clinical trials with the NdYAG laser in the treatment of tracheal and bronchial tumours and stenoses. The beam is carried through a flexible fibre delivering a power of 50 to 90 watts. It can be introduced through the biopsy channel of a standard bronchoscope, or through a fibrescope. Anaesthesia must avoid inflammable gases. In most cases, general anaesthesia was used, and ...

We have recorded time-resolved LII signals from a laminar ethylene diffusion flame over a wide range of laser fluences at 532 nm. We have performed these experiments using an injection-seeded NdYAG laser with a pulse duration of 7 ns. The beam was spatially filtered and imaged into the flame to provide a homogeneous spatial profile. These data were used to aid in the development of a model, whi...

A young adult presented with a four-month long history of hemoptysis. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a mid-trachea lesion (Figure 1). A flexible bronchoscopy was performed and revealed a cherry-like polyp (Figure 2(a)) and biopsy resulted in brisk bleeding. The polyp was coagulated at the base with a Nd-YAG (neodymium doped-yttrium aluminium garnet) laser followed by forceps resection v...

Abstract Background Multichannel magnetocardiographic mapping (MCG) has been validated as an accurate non-invasive method for 3D localization of arrhythmogenic substrates suitable ablation treatment and intracardiac electrophysiology catheters (1,2). High resolution (HR) MCG-guided multiple simultaneous monophasic action potential (multi-MAP) recording pacing with a single patented amagnetic ca...

Various species of high intensity highly charged state heavy ion beams with small emittance are required in many fields including particle physics, medical uses, inertial fusion, and simulator of space radiations. Direct Plasma Injection Scheme (DPIS), we have developed for several years, is a unique scheme to provide heavy ion beams to meet the above requirements. A high-density plasma created...