Although most sequenced members of the industrially important ketol-acid reductoisomerase (KARI) family are class I enzymes, structural studies to date have focused primarily on the class II KARIs, which arose through domain duplication. In the present study, we present five new crystal structures of class I KARIs. These include the first structure of a KARI with a six-residue β2αB (cofactor sp...

Repetition avoidance has been intensely studied since Thue’s work in the early 1900’s. In this paper, we consider another type of repetition, called pseudopower, inspired by the Watson-Crick complementarity property of DNA sequences. A DNA single strand can be viewed as a string over the four-letter alphabet {A,C,G, T }, whereinA is the complement of T , while C is the complement of G. Such a D...

OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY P.O. BOX 1000, FI-02015 TKK http://www.tkk.fi Author: Timo Ala-Risku Name of the dissertation Installed Base Information — Ensuring Customer Value and Profitability after the Sale Date of the defense October 2, 2009 Faculty Faculty of Information and Natural Sciences Department Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Field o...

In [CK05], E. Czeizler and J. Kari used a linear algebraic tool to obtain good upper bounds for the length of the inverse neighbourhood of reversible one-dimensional cellular automata (CA). Recently, a linear algebraic approach similar to the one used by J. Kari in [Kar03], lead to better upper bounds for the length of the shortest unbalanced words, shortest orphans and shortest diamonds of non...

In this talk I would like to discuss three main topics. First, I will connect electroweak strings and the sphaleron in a more elaborate manner than that described in my paper with George Field 1 and discuss the important issue of the stability of electroweak strings. Secondly, I would like to initiate a discussion of the formation of electroweak strings and their evolution by painting a heurist...