our aim in this study was to identify and characterize allergic proteins in cooked wolf herring fish. we heated the crude extract alternatively at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100°c for one hour and results were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). also, proteins were immunoblotted with fish-sensitive patients’ sera. the major allergenic proteins were ide...

Background: The natural history of immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated diseases in preterm infants is still elusive. We aimed at developing a non-invasive tool for detecting specific IgE (sIgE) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) neonatal fecal samples evaluating its predictive value the development IgE-mediated during first year life. Methods: developed stool extraction protocol, followed by fr...

BACKGROUND Specific allergen from various pollen types has been found to be carried through the outdoor air, not only by intact pollen grains, but also by much smaller, paucimicronic particles. There is no complete agreement on whether, for birch (Betula), the seasonal appearance of atmospheric pollen allergen follows the fluctuation pattern of the pollen season. METHODS Assessment of birch-p...

Allergic reactions to fungi were described 300 years ago, but the importance of allergy to fungi has been underestimated for a long time. Allergens from fungi mainly cause respiratory and skin symptoms in sensitized patients. In this review, we will focus on fungi and fungal allergens involved in respiratory forms of allergy, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Fungi can act as indoor and out...

More than 10% of the population in Europe and North America suffer from IgE-associated allergy to grass pollen. In this article, we describe the development of a vaccine for grass pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy based on two recombinant hypoallergenic mosaic molecules, designated P and Q, which were constructed out of elements derived from the four major timothy grass pollen allergens: P...

Allergen specific immunotherapy remains the only means to change the natural history of allergic disease. Thanks to the recent advances in molecular biology a large spectrum of purified allergen molecules are presently routinely available for diagnostic purposes. This review represents a practical guide on how to use these new diagnostic tools in order to detect precisely the primary sensitizin...

Since the first trial reported by Noon about a century ago [1], allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) by repeated subcutaneous administration of increased doses of allergen extracts has a long-lasting effect on immunologic tolerance to common environmental allergens [2-4]. Allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) has been effectively used for the treatment choice for allergic rhiniti...

BACKGROUND Bronchial challenge with allergen causes a specific form of airways inflammation consisting of an influx of neutrophils, eosinophils, and T cells. Because the relevance of the challenge model to clinical asthma is uncertain, the cellular changes that occur in the lungs of asthmatic subjects during natural seasonal allergen exposure were investigated. METHODS Seventeen grass pollen ...

BACKGROUND Natural allergen sources can supply large quantities of authentic allergen mixtures for use as immunotherapeutics. However, such extracts are complex, difficult to define, vary from batch to batch, which may lead to unpredictable efficacy and/or unacceptable levels of side effects. The use of recombinant expression systems for allergen production can alleviate some of these issues. S...

BACKGROUND The precise way in which allergen is handled by the nose is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine recovery of Der p 1 allergen following nasal administration and to determine whether Der p 1 can be detected in nasal biopsies after natural exposure and nasal challenge to allergen. METHODS (1) 20 nonatopic non-rhinitics were challenged with Der p 1 and recovery was me...