A vesicle is a compartment composed of lipid bilayer of amphiphilic molecules. The vesicle is applied to carriers of drugs, cosmetics and functional food ingredients in industries. Vesicles are also applied as a model for artificial cell membrane and expected as micro- and nano-reactors. They are generally prepared by the hydration of dry lipid film, but there is no method to prepare vesicles o...

Large unilamellar liposomes and multilamellar vesicles consisting of DMPC interacted with cationic phosphorus-containing dendrimers CPDs G3 and G4. DSC and ζ -potential measurements have shown that liposomal-dendrimeric molecular recognition occurs due to the interaction between the complementary surface groups. Calorimetric studies indicate that the enthalpy of the transition of the lipids tha...

The major hindrance in transdermal delivery of drugs is complex barrier stratum corneum. New generations lipid based nano-system, particularly transethosomes have ability to permeate from rigid network They proved be a promising tool for the transport drugs. This article reviews these ethanol-based, elastic, and deformable vesicles. components that provide vesicles their distinct properties are...

Emerging fields such as nanomedicine and nanotoxicology, demand new information on the effects of nanoparticles on biological membranes and lipid vesicles are suitable as an experimental model for bio-nano interaction studies. This paper describes image processing algorithms which stitch video sequences into mosaics and recording the shapes of thousands of lipid vesicles, which were used to ass...

Anaplasma marginale is the most prevalent tick-borne livestock pathogen and poses a significant threat to cattle industry. In contrast to currently available live blood-derived vaccines against A. marginale, alternative safer and better-defined subunit vaccines will be of great significance. Two proteins (VirB9-1 and VirB9-2) from the Type IV secretion system of A. marginale have been shown to ...

Age and diabetes related slow-healing or chronic wounds may result in morbidity mortality through persistent biofilms infections prolonged inflammatory phase. Nano-materials [metal/metal oxide NPs (39%), lipid vehicles (21%), polymer (19%), ceramic nanoparticles (NPs) (14%), carbon nanomaterials (NMs) (7%)] can be introduced as a possible next-generation therapy because of either their intrinsi...

Cancer vaccines with optimal tumor-associated antigens show promise for anti-tumor immunotherapy. Recently, nano-sized vesicles, such as exosomes derived from tumors, were suggested as potential antigen candidates, although the total yield of exosomes is not sufficient for clinical applications. In the present study, we developed a new vaccine strategy based on nano-sized vesicles derived from ...

Synaptic ribbons are large proteinaceous scaffolds at the active zone of ribbon synapses that are specialized for rapid sustained synaptic vesicles exocytosis. A single ribbon-specific protein is known, RIBEYE, suggesting that ribbons may be constructed from RIBEYE protein. RIBEYE knockdown in zebrafish, however, only reduced but did not eliminate ribbons, indicating a more ancillary role. Here...

Amphiphilic cyclodextrin (CD) has been the object of growing scientific attention because of its two recognition sites, the cavity and the apolar heart, formed by self-assembly. In the present study, mono[6-deoxy-6-(octadecanamido)]-β-CD and mono[6-deoxy-6-(octadecenamido)]-β-CD were successfully synthesized by reacting mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-CD with N-hydroxysuccinimide esters of corresponding...