نتایج جستجو برای: namely pollinator wasps is required emphatically

تعداد نتایج: 7346771  

Journal: :Revista de biologia tropical 2009
William Ramírez-Benavides Julián Monge-Nájera Juan B Chavarría

The fig pollinating wasps (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae) have obligate arrhenotoky and a breeding structure that fits local mate competition (LMC). It has been traditionally assumed that LMC organisms adjust the sex ratio by laying a greater proportion of male eggs when there is superparasitism (several foundresses in a host). We tested the assumption with two wasp species, Pegoscapus silvestrii, pol...

2012
Astrid Cruaud Nina Rønsted Bhanumas Chantarasuwan Lien Siang Chou Wendy L. Clement Arnaud Couloux Benjamin Cousins Gwenaëlle Genson Rhett D. Harrison Paul E. Hanson Martine Hossaert-Mckey Roula Jabbour-Zahab Emmanuelle Jousselin Carole Kerdelhué Finn Kjellberg Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde John Peebles Yan-Qiong Peng Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira Tselil Schramm Rosichon Ubaidillah Simon van Noort George D. Weiblen Da-Rong Yang Anak Yodpinyanee Ran Libeskind-Hadas James M. Cook Jean-Yves Rasplus Vincent Savolainen

It is thought that speciation in phytophagous insects is often due to colonization of novel host plants, because radiations of plant and insect lineages are typically asynchronous. Recent phylogenetic comparisons have supported this model of diversification for both insect herbivores and specialized pollinators. An exceptional case where contemporaneous plant-insect diversification might be exp...

Journal: :Revista brasileira de biologia 1999
M F Vieira G J Shepherd

Floral visitors of seven species of Oxypetalum were registered in Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais. O. appendiculatum, O. banksii subsp, banksii, O. alpinumn var. alpinum and O. pachyglossum are pollinated by wasps, being Polybia ignobilis (Vespidae) a pollinator of these four species. It seems that P ignobilis promotes interspecific pollinations mainly between O. alpinum var. alpinum and O. pachy...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی - دانشکده اقتصاد 1391

reinsurance is widely recognized as an important instrument in the capital management of an insurance company as well as its risk management tool. this thesis is intended to determine premium rates for different types of reinsurance policies. also, given the fact that the reinsurance coverage of every company depends upon its reserves, so different types of reserves and the method of their calc...

2012
Michael J. McLeish Gary Beukman Simon van Noort Theresa C. Wossler

Parasitoid diversity in terrestrial ecosystems is enormous. However, ecological processes underpinning their evolutionary diversification in association with other trophic groups are still unclear. Specialisation and interdependencies among chalcid wasps that reproduce on Ficus presents an opportunity to investigate the ecology of a multi-trophic system that includes parasitoids. Here we estima...

Journal: :Proceedings. Biological sciences 2016
Gang Wang Charles H Cannon Jin Chen

Hybridization and insect pollination are widely believed to increase rates of plant diversification. The extreme diversity of figs (Ficus) and their obligate pollinators, fig wasps (Agaonidae), provides an opportunity to examine the possible role of pollinator-mediated hybridization in plant diversification. Increasing evidence suggests that pollinator sharing and hybridization occurs among fig...

Journal: :Molecular ecology 2007
Wendy A Marussich Carlos A Machado

Figs (Ficus spp., Moraceae) and their pollinating wasps (Hymenoptera, Agaonidae, Chalcidoidea) constitute a classic example of an obligate plant-pollinator mutualism, and have become an ideal system for addressing questions on coevolution, speciation, and the maintenance of mutualisms. In addition to pollinating wasps, figs host several types of nonpollinating, parasitic wasps from a diverse ar...

2017
Rong Wang Simon T. Segar Maximilian Harper Hui Yu Stephen G. Compton

1. Facilitation, where one species helps another without cost or benefit to itself, is recorded from diverse plant-insect interactions, including pollination and herbivory. We investigated the significance of facilitation resulting from the behaviour of pollinator fig wasps inside figs shared with other species. Fig wasp females emerge from natal figs via exit holes dug by pollinator and some o...

2016
Zhao-Tian Li Yan-Qiong Peng Xiao-Lan Wen K. Charlotte Jandér

Mutualisms play a key role in most ecosystems, yet the mechanisms that prevent overexploitation of the mutualistic relationship are still poorly understood. In the mutualism between fig trees and their pollinating wasps both partners depend on each other. Fig trees benefit from female wasps that disperse their pollen, whereas wasps frequently benefit from a higher ratio of male offspring. Here ...

Journal: :Proceedings. Biological sciences 2015
Min Liu Stephen G Compton Fo-En Peng Jian Zhang Xiao-Yong Chen

The transfer of genes between populations is increasingly important in a world where pollinators are declining, plant and animal populations are increasingly fragmented and climate change is forcing shifts in distribution. The distances that pollen can be transported by small insects are impressive, as is the extensive gene flow between their own populations. We compared the relative ease by wh...

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