Mortar samples were saturated with NaCl solutions of various concentrations and subjected to freeze– thaw cycles. Passive and active acoustic emission (AE) testing was conducted. The freezing temperature of the NaCl solutions in mortar corresponded with the sudden observation of passive AE events. The acoustic energy and damage parameter were calculated to evaluate the extent of freeze–thaw dam...

the effects of desiccation and nacl and polyethylen glycol (peg) induced water potentials on rhizome bud sprouting of the perennial weed, glycyrrhiza glabra were investigated in separate laboratory experiments laid out in completely randomized designs. each treatment was replicated four times. the water potentials of nacl and peg used were 0, -0.4, -0.8, -1.2 and -1.6 mpa. desiccation experimen...

soil colloid particles influence soil chemical and physical properties by their surface electrical charge. with respect to the importance of this issue from both agricultural and environmental points of view, charging behavior of a kaolinite sample was studied in the ph range of 4 to 10 and at three background electrolyte concentrations, including 0.005, 0.05, 0.5 m nacl, by potentiometric titr...

abstract: fermented cucumber is a traditional lactic acid fermentation that is related to the presence of microorganisms. in this study, the use of suitable l. plantarum starter culture with l.bulgaricus and s. thermophilus to improve the cucumber fermentation process with high quality has been studied. cucumbers in brine containing 4 to 6% nacl and 0.2 to 0.4% inulin (w/v) were inoculated with...

Ice formation inside or outside cells during cryo-preservation has been proved to be the main cause for cryo-injury to cells. A high voltage DC electric field combined with a cryomicroscopic stage was used in this study. Dendritic ice crystals became asymmetric with the addition of electric field. DMSO and NaCl solutions were tested under different electric field strengths ranging from 83kV/m t...

The effects were studied of NaCl on the production of gastric carcinomas by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (NQO) in male Wistar rats. Nine groups of rats were treated as follows: Group 1 was given 50 mg MNNG/liter and 6 g NaCl solution/liter to drink and was fed a stock diet supplemented with 10% NaCl. Group 2 received 1 ml saturated NaCl once a week ...

Osmotically driven membrane processes (ODMP) are emerging water treatment and energy conversion technologies. In this work, we investigated the simultaneous forward and reverse (i.e., bidirectional) solute fluxes that occur in ODMP. Numerous experiments were conducted using ternary systems (i.e., systems containing three distinct ions) and quaternary systems (i.e., systems containing four disti...