Pneumothorax due to mycetoma is extremely rare and has been described only in patients undergoing intensive cytotoxic therapy for hematologic malignancies. A non-immunocompromised subject presenting with pneumothorax due to rupture of the mycetoma into the pleural cavity is being described here.

A 32-year-old woman from northeastern Brazil worked in farming and presented with a 6-year history of progressive swelling of the left foot. Swelling and sinuses draining purulent discharge with white grains ( Figure 1 ) were present. Potassium hydroxide preparation of drainage showed whiteyellowish nodules with fine filaments. Culture of the grains on Sabouraud agar and the casein hydrolysis t...

Explanation: Monod sign indicates the presence of a mycetoma within a lung cavity. This radiographic appearance of a “uniform, rounded opacity which isytopped by a clear crescent” was described in 1954 by Pesle and Monod.1 Free movement of the mass helps distinguish Monod sign from similar-appearing radiographic signs in which the lesion is fixed, and supports the presence of a mycetoma. Howeve...

Madurella mycetomatis is the main causative organism of eumycetoma, a persistent, progressive granulomatous infection. After subcutaneous inoculation M. mycetomatis organizes itself in grains inside a granuloma with excessive collagen accumulation surrounding it. This could be contributing to treatment failure towards currently used antifungal agents. Due to their pivotal role in tissue remodel...

Post-operative recurrence in mycetoma after adequate medical and surgical treatment is common and a serious problem. It has health, socio-economic and psychological detrimental effects on patients and families. It is with this in mind, we set out to determine the predictors of post-operative recurrence in mycetoma. The study included 1013 patients with Madurella mycetomatis causing eumycetoma w...

Pulmonary mycetoma due to Coccidioides immitis has been reported on three occasions. The present case is the fourth such report occurring in a patient with widely disseminated disease. Spherules and hyphae were found in the specimen. While the active pulmonary and extra-pulmonary lesions responded well to therapy with amphotericin B, resection was required to eliminate the residual mycetoma and...

Mycetoma is a chronic infectious disease of the subcutaneous tissue with a high morbidity. This disease has been reported from countries between 30°N and 15°S since 1840 but the exact burden of disease is not known. It is currently unknown what the incidence, prevalence and the number of reported cases per year per country is. In order to estimate what the global burden of mycetoma is, a meta-a...

We present the first genome sequence for a strain of the main mycetoma causative agent, Madurella mycetomatis This 36.7-Mb genome sequence will offer new insights into the pathogenesis of mycetoma, and it will contribute to the development of better therapies for this neglected tropical disease.

Mycetoma is a chronic infective condition of tropical and subtropical regions. It is commoner in males, especially those in their third or fourth decade who work on the land. The clinical triad of subcutaneous nodule, sinuses and discharge usually leads to diagnosis; the disease is commonly painless. Treatment is by extensive surgical excision of affected areas and may include limb amputation. ...