Although "unipolar electrograms" recorded from the His-bundle position have been used to help position catheters for His-bundle ablation, the techniques used to record such electrograms have not been standardized. The effects of five anode locations (right chest wall, anterior chest wall, left chest wall, posterior chest wall, and inferior vena cava) on unipolar atrial, His bundle and ventricul...

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of (∈,∈∨ q)-fuzzy (implicative, MV and G-) filters of pseudo-BL algebras and to investigate some of their related properties. Some characterization theorems of these generalized fuzzy (implicative) filters are derived. The relationship among these generalized fuzzy filters of pseudo-BL algebras is considered. It is proved that an (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy f...

The requirements for shielding a treatment vault with a Varian Clinac 2100 medical linear accelerator operated both with and without the flattening filter were assessed. Basic shielding parameters, such as primary beam tenth-value layers (TVLs), patient scatter fractions, and wall scatter fractions, were calculated using Monte Carlo simulations of 6, 10 and 18 MV beams. Relative integral target...

In this paper, some types of fuzzy filters a strong Sheffer stroke non-associative MV-algebra (for short, NMV-algebra) are introduced. By presenting new properties filters, we define prime filter in algebraic structure. Then (prime) NMV-algebra determined and features proved. Finally, built quotient by filter.

A Monte Carlo model of an Elekta Precise linear accelerator has been built and verified by measured data for a 6 and 10 MV photon beam running with and without a flattening filter in the beam line. In this study the flattening filter was replaced with a 6 mm thick copper plate, provided by the linac vendor, in order to stabilize the beam. Several studies have shown that removal of the filter im...

A new method of designing continuous-time monolithic filters derived from well known voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) is introduced. These VCOderived filters are capable of operating at very high frequencies in standard CMOS processes. Prototype lowpass and band-pass filter designed in a TSMC 0.25 μm process are discussed. Simulation results for the low-pass filter designed for a cutoff fr...

A current source converter (CSC) based shunt active power filter (APF) system is designed and implemented to suppress the amplification of low order harmonics at the medium voltage (MV) interface bus between the distribution and transmission systems. Four CSC based APF modules designed at 1.0 Kv are operated in parallel, and connected to the 31.5 kV MV bus via a specially designed coupling tran...

Introduction: This study aimed to measure the neutron contamination of flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) 10-MV photon beams delivered by the Elekta InfinityTM accelerator. Material and Methods: The photoneutron spectrum produced by the Linac head was evaluated using a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The geometry ...