It is unclear how cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) is influenced by physical disability, fatigue, and depression. Our aim was to identify the strongest clinical predictors for cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. The clinical risk factors included in the analysis were physical disability (EDSS), fatigue (FSS), the somatic and nonsomatic components of de...

The authors wish to clarify the methodological information for this paper. Regarding the patients included in the study, the patient samples that were from the Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital (Thessaloniki, Greece) were included in the control groups. Specifically, 11 were included in the IND group, 4 in the NIND group, and 1 in the SC group. Regarding the parameters of the I...

1 Ali R, Nicholas RS, Muraro PA. Drugs in development for relapsing multiple sclerosis. Drugs 2013; published online April 23. DOI:10.1007/s40265-0130030-6. 2 Barkhof F, Simon JH, Fazekas F, et al. MRI monitoring of immunomodulation in relapse-onset multiple sclerosis trials. Nat Rev Neurol 2011; 8: 13–21. 3 Sormani MP, Bonzano L, Roccatagliata L, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging as a potentia...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by widespread inflammation, focal demyelination and a variable degree of axonal and neuronal loss. ionic conductances regulate t cell activation as well as neuronal function and thus have been found to play a crucial role in ms pathogenesis. since present therapeutical approaches are only parti...

multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune cns-disease characterized by inflammatory neurodegenerative events occurring with de- and remyelination. recent evidence show that demyelinated neurons are less excitable than myelinated ones while at early stages of remyelination these neurons seem to be hyperexcitable. the latter is a transitory condition that, very likely, leads to impaired neuronal networ...

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multiple sclerosis (ms) is the most common chronic autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (cns) which preferentially involves young women in early child bearing age. opposite to traditional view emphasized on discouraging female patients from enduring pregnancy, recent investigations showed that pregnancy-related physiological alterations, especially during the third tr...