OBJECTIVE To study MDR-TB isolates and to identify primary and secondary resistance at microbiology laboratory Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS All samples positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) received during January - September 2004 were reviewed for drug resistance pattern as well as for history of previous antituberculous drugs exposure. RESULTS Out of 216 Mycobac...

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) can affect persons of any age, but it remains unknown whether children are more or less likely than adults to have MDR-TB. Representative drug resistance surveillance data reported to the World Health Organization between 1994 and 2011 were analysed to test the association between MDR-TB and age group (children aged <15 years versus adults aged ≥ 15 yea...

We report the genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis INS-MDR from Peru, a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Latin American-Mediterranean (LAM) lineage strain. Our analysis showed mutations related to drug resistance in the rpoB (D516V), katG (S315T), kasA (G269S), and pncA (Q10R) genes. Our evidence suggests that INS-MDR may be a clonal expansion related to the African strain...

Globally, there is substantial concern regarding the challenges of treating complex drug resistance patterns in multidrug resistant tuberculosis cases. Utilising data from three different settings (Estonia, Latvia, Romania) we sought to contrast drug susceptibility profiles for multidrug resistant tuberculosis cases, highlight the difficulties in designing universal regimen, and inform future r...

BACKGROUND After the collapse of the Soviet Union, dramatically increasing rates of tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have been reported from several countries. This development has been mainly attributed to the widespread breakdown of TB control systems and declining socio-economic status. However, recent studies have raised concern that the Beijing genotype of Mycobac...

Monitoring the extent of and trends in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a priority of the Brazilian National Tuberculosis Control Programme. The current study aimed to estimate the incidence of MDR-TB, describe the profile of TB drug resistance in risk groups and examine whether screening for MDR-TB adhered to the recommended guidelines. A descriptive study that examined diagnosed c...

Multidrug resistance can be induced in mammalian cells by selection with a single cytotoxic agent. Overproduction of the energy-dependent drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, encoded by the mdr1 gene, has been identified as the cause of one form of multidrug resistance. The molecular basis of other forms of multidrug resistance is unknown. Doxorubicin selection of the human squamous lung cancer cel...

Multidrug resistance can be induced in mammalian cells by selection with a single cytotoxic agent. Overproduction of the energy-dependent drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, encoded by the mtlrl gene, has been identified as the cause of one form of multidrug resistance. The molec ular basis of other forms of multidrug resistance is unknown. Doxorubicin selection of the human squamous lung cancer c...

Cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolize various endogenous and exogenous small molecular weight compounds. Transport-associated proteins, such as P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein and lung resistance protein are overexpressed in drug-resistant cell lines, as well as in human tumors from various histologic origins, including malignant melanoma. Little is known about the expressi...