the late ‘allāma viewed knowledge (‘ilm) as an existential entity and agreed with ṣadr al-muti’allihīn in this respect, saying that knowledge is the presence of an object for an object, i.e. achievement of knowledge for a knower is the achievement of a de facto entity which is pure actuality; since, intuitively, we find that the cognitive form does not have the power to transform into another f...

researcher at cnter for comparative studies of occultaion era the origin of the duality of the world of creation from plato’s point of view is based on the fact that he classifies the world into two categories: the world of senses (ideas = muthul, generalities = kulliyāt) and the world of intelligibles (image of ideas, particulars). thus, by bringing up the issue of ideas and stating that these...

in his discourses concerning perception of universals, mullā ṣadrā has brought up various issues. on one hand, he says that in sensory and imaginative perceptions, the soul (nafs) is the originator and creator of images and then with its substantial and ontogenetic motion it achieves its higher level of perception, i.e. rational perception, unites with the rational non-material substance named ...

the discourse of the :union: of the intellect and the intelligible is one of the important philosophical issues and porphyrius and aristotle can be mentioned as among the early advocates of it, which has been common among the peripatetics. however, kandī and fārābi can be mentioned among the early muslims who brought up the issue of the :union: of the intellect and the intelligible, but ibn sīn...

one of the most important philosophical consequences that have left an enormous impact on some philosophical issues is the substantial motion theory. it is a comprehensive theory, which opens new perspectives to many of the philosophical problems, including movement of the soul (nafs) that mullā ṣadrā, contrary to the earlier philosophers, viewed as of substantial (essential) movement kind. the...