Nowadays there is an increasing number of recombinant enzymes made available to industry. Before replacing the use of natural enzymes with their cognate recombinant counterparts, one important issue to address is their actual equivalence. For a given recombinant proteolytic enzyme, its equivalence can be investigated by comparing its cleavage specificity with that obtained from the natural enzy...

Acquired pendular nystagmus (APN) occurs with multiple sclerosis (MS) and oculopalatal tremor (OPT); distinct features of the nystagmus have led to the development of separate models for their pathogenesis. APN in MS has been attributed to instability in the neural integrator, which normally ensures steady gaze. APN in OPT may result from electrotonic coupling between neurons in the hypertrophi...

Nanotechnology is an emerging and rapidly growing field whose dynamics and prospects pose many great challenges to scientists and engineers. Nanoparticles are being used in many materials and products, including coatings (on plastic, glass and clothing), sunscreen, antimicrobial bandages and clothing, MRI contrast agents, biomedical elemental tags and fuel additives, only to name few. However, ...

This paper proposes an optimal transmission expansion planning (TEP) which is based on determining share of each line in merchandizing surplus (MS) of system, determining by Independent System Operator (ISO). The more share of a line in MS of system denotes the priority of a line for expansion. The procedure of determining MS of each line in a power system is based on determining the MS share o...

Let X be a (quasi-projective) variety over k. We follow [Sha13, Chap. 6, §1.2].

Bottom-up proteomics (analyzing peptides that result from protein digestion) has demonstrated capability for broad proteome coverage and good throughput. However, due to incomplete sequence coverage, this approach is not ideally suited to the study of modified proteins. The modification complement of a protein can best be elucidated by analyzing the intact protein. 2-DE, typically coupled with ...

Identification of proteins by mass spectrometry (MS) is an essential step in proteomic studies and is typically accomplished by either peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) or amino acid sequencing of the peptide. Although sequence information from MS/MS analysis can be used to validate PMF-based protein identification, it may not be practical when analyzing a large number of proteins and when high...

The new year is a time for goal setting, reflection, and new beginnings. Often, resolutions begin with self-improvements of the physical kind-losing weight, exercising, eating clean. These are important ideas and goals, although often difficult to sustain in part because sustaining is an implied element of each. Intentions are different than goals in the sense that an intention can be implement...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). In MS, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) secrete elevated amounts of IL-23, a potent proinflammatory cytokine, compared to healthy donors. Here, we examined the role of CD46, a complement binding factor, in mDCs by analyzing cytokine and chemokine production in healthy donors and patients with MS. There ...