Many nonprofit organizations face revenue uncertainty due to funding cuts. It is crucial for them to supplement existing revenue streams by private donations, and apply thoughtful market segmentation in their pursuit of donors. We introduce the behavioral concept of 'nudge' based on the possibility of loss aversion affecting willingness-to-donate, and investigate its implications for fundraisin...

the present research aims to study the role of mosque in increasing social capital from the viewpoint of the quran and islamic narratives. for this reason, specifications of the mosque made in the quran and narratives have been organized based on social capital indicators in order to identify the role of mosque in increasing production of social capital. the research uses a descriptive-analytic...

OBJECTIVE Isolation of potentially pathogenic bacteria from carpets in hospitals has been reported earlier, but not from carpets in mosques. The aim of the present study is to determine the pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria that may exist on the carpets of mosques in Tripoli, Libya. METHODS Dust samples from carpets were collected from 57 mosques in Tripoli. Samples were examined...

there are some evidences on elamite seals that show iranian people had enough knowledge to construct small dome on cylindrical spaces like silo in the third millennium bc. but the foundations of large dome over square spaces were formed in the parthian period. bazeh-hur dome chamber with the corners of wood in khorasan province is the most ancient dome from the sasanian dynasty. since the sasan...

According to the authors, a new marking design for vertical scar breast reduction avoids the tension at nipple level that may occur with the use of a mosque-shaped marking (Lejour technique). Furthermore, better symmetry may be achieved in placement of the areola and nipple.