naesthetic drugs are often available in glass ampoules hich need to be ‘snapped open’ along the coloured bands r dot around the neck. Different manoeuvres can be mployed for opening these ampoules like snapping with humb and index finger (with or without using gauze pieces), cratching the neck of the vial with file or base of another ial and snapping open,1 using scissors2 or knife. If done F t...

To the Editor, The Indian Medical Gazette Sir,?I think the following sufficiently interesting 1o report:? A European, male, aged 23, six feet, weighing over 12-stone, slenderly but athletically built, was suffering from an ischio-rectal abscess. I decided to give him Evipan-Sodium. The Evipan-Sodium was taken from a box of five ampoules, one of which had already been used. The Evipan was mixed ...

OBJECTIVES Given use of uterotonics for postpartum haemorrhage and other obstetric indications, the importance of potent uterotonics is indisputable. This study evaluated access to and potency of injectable uterotonics in Ghana. DESIGN Study design involved research assistants simulating clients to purchase oxytocin and ergometrine from different sources. Drug potency was measured via chemica...

OBJECTIVE To identify the contents of ampoules stored items at the WW I Kobarid Museum, Slovenia. Sources and methods: Analysis of ampoules from the Kobarid Museum using pharmacopoeial methods. RESULTS The contents of the unlabelled ampoules were identified as calcium hypochlorite, a decontaminant for mustard gas (Yperite). CONCLUSION The Isonzo front/Soška fronta was opened on May 24 1915 ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the doses of antivenom administered to adult patients with severe brown snake envenoming. DESIGN AND SETTING Review of charts from Western Australian adult teaching hospitals, December 1991 to December 2001. PATIENTS 35 patients with severe brown snake envenoming, defined prospectively as afibrinogenaemia (< 0.3 g/L) after a bite by a brown snake (genus Pseudonaja)....

was able to obtain large volumes of high potency material by batch cultivation in tanks, but did not report any yields. was sterilized at 118 to 122 C for 1 hr, cooled rapidly to 36 to 39 C, and inoculated immediately. Seed cultures of Clostridium tetani (Massachusetts strain) were maintained at -70 C in 1.0-ml amounts in glass ampoules. One or four of these ampoules were thawed and inoculated ...

Wright (1912) described a method for filling ampoules based on the principle of first exhausting the air from the ampoules and then filling by atmospheric pressure. Since then many elaborate pieces of apparatus have been devised based on the same principle, but these are^ all expensive and not readily obtainable. The ^odification described below has the advantage that the apparatus required may...