Digitizing heritage monuments is a process of spatial data acquisition, geometry modelling, digital archiving and web-based representation. Moreover, there are several survey and digitizing techniques working and developing such as traditional manual methods, topographic methods, photogrammetric methods and scanning methods. The most popular on application and developing is 3D laser scanning te...

since historical monuments carry national values and identity, their maintenance and protection is necessary through methods which provide holistic stability and originality preservation. nanotechnology creates the possibility of monitoring the intrinsic traits such as melting temperature, magnetic properties, and load capacity. the colour of materials could even satay changeless in their chemi...

Gateway Monuments are free standing roadside structures or signage that communicate the name of a city, country or township to motorists. The placement of such monuments within state-controlled right-of-way is a relatively recent occurrence in California. As a result, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) initiated research to quantify the impacts that this type of signage may ...

...he came to a mouth of a passage covered with a square stone similar to that at [nearby] Plasnewydd, anxious to reap the fruits of his discovery he procured a light and crept forward on his hands and knees along the dreary vault, when lo! In a chamber at the further end a figure in white seemed to forbid his approach. The poor man had scarcely power sufficient to crawl backwards out of this d...