the present paper is intended to deal with a certain kind of deconstruction and deviation from literary norms found in mathnavi ma'navi. comparison is also made between the mathnavi and other great literary works. unlike other persian literary works, mathnavi does not begin in the name of the god, praising the prophet and other great religious men. instead, it starts with the famous compla...

when the army of iran was defeated by russian army, iranians began to know the western culture and thoughts and so the pre modern discourse was replacedby the modern discourse. the result of this revolution was ignorance of normal rules of past and important people. in this period some diplomatic and literary rules were rejected, and some famous poets as sadi and molavi were credited too. just ...

Many developing countries adopt industrial policies that push resources towards selected economic sectors. How should countries choose which sectors to promote? I answer this question by characterizing optimal industrial policy in production networks embedded with market imperfections. My key finding is that effects of market imperfections accumulate through backward demand linkages, thereby ge...

molana' s school of mystical thinking is deemed to be thoroughly independent from that of ibn-e arabi. to simply demonstrate that molana visited ibn-e arabi in damascus ( at the time when molana was young and the latter quite old), and that molana associated with and developed friendship with sadr-e ghunavi ( the greatest advocate of ibn-e arabi), and that they shared common viewpoints are...

in the history of persian fiction, there have been created works of art, corresponding to their time’s intellectual and cultural necessities and needs; if being read through by a reconsidering approach, they not only may refer to individual and social psychology of iranian people of the era “jamshid and khorshid” the poem (778 ah) is one of these works that has considerable potentials for empha...