OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence of risky consumption (RC) and heavy episodic drinking (HED) in the Cohort of Spanish university students at two-year follow-up and to identify predictors of these patterns of alcohol consumption and the association between these patterns and academic achievement. METHOD We carried out a cohort study. Alcohol consumption was measured with the AUDIT. The foll...

wheat is the dominant cereal crop constituting the first staple food in iran. this paper studies the energy consumption patterns and the relationship between energy inputs and yield for wheat production in iranian agriculture during the period 1986 – 2008. the results indicated that total energy inputs in irrigated and dryland wheat production increased from 29.01 and 9.81 gj ha-1 in 1986 to 44...

A Low Transition LFSR(LT-LFSR) designed by modifying Linear Feedback Shift Register is proposed to produce low power test vectors which are given to Circuit under Test (CUT) to reduce the power consumption by CUT. This technique of generating low power test patterns is performed by increasing the co-relativity between the consecutive vectors by reducing the number of bit flips between successiv...

The Keele Economics Department produces this series of research papers in order to stimulate discussion and invite feedback. Copyright remains with the authors. All papers in the kerp series are available for downloading from the Keele Economics website, via Abstract This paper establishes a theoretical framework to characterise the optimal behaviour of individuals who receive income periodical...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the consumption of organic food during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to describe dietary characteristics associated with frequent consumption of organic food among pregnant women participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). METHODS The present study includes 63 808 women who during the years 2002-2007 answered two questionnaires,...

The abundance of small and medium sized customers that can curtail demand when needed has resulted in the rollout of Demand Response programs to target the right customers among a diverse population. To tailor such programs based on customers’ consumption patterns, we apply Principal Component Analysis on high resolution demand consumption data. We show that appropriate clustering of customers ...

BACKGROUND The use of multiple licit and illicit substances plays an important role in many university students' lives. Previous research on multiple substance use patterns of university students, however, often fails to examine use of different illicit substances and/or hookah. Our objective was to complement and advance the current knowledge about common consumption patterns regarding illicit...

background: we studied the role of maternal folic acid supplementation in modifying the effects of  methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr c677t and a1298c) gene polymorphisms in iranian children with oral clefts. materials and methods: forty?seven newborn infants with orofacial cleft and their mothers were selected randomly. mothers were matched regarding dietary folate intake.the genotypi...