Proxy wars dominate modern war fighting. Despite the frequency of proxy on today's battle field, strategic studies community lacks sufficient models and theories to frame from level. This works seeks build limited amount preexisting theoretical work by introducing five relation - coerced, transactional, cultural, exploitative, contractual. help policymakers, strategists, practitioners understan...

The results of the analysis recent military conflicts convincingly show that forms and methods armed forces application are changing improving. Scientific technological progress, rapid development information technology, growing role high-precision weapons, increasing effectiveness intelligence, intensive automation command control systems change nature modern warfare having a steady impact on ...

The author analyzes the process of collapse a single system historical images that developed during Soviet period and reasons for increase in memorial wars Post-Soviet space. It is concluded stories related to Great Patriotic War are widely used modern

During the Later Qing Dynasty and so-called “Warlord Period” (1906-1923) China suffered from numerous and violent internal conflicts, or “civil wars”. These conflicts are thought to have slowed the pace of economic development and, especially, growth in infrastructure. I study these alleged impacts using a new panel data set linking archival data for Chinese railroads to detailed information on...

The complexity of modern computer games has increased drastically over the last decades. The need for sophisticated game AI, in particular for Non-Player Characters (NPCs) grows with the demand for realistic games. Writing meaningful, consistent, modular, re-useable and efficient AI code is not straightforward. In this article, we suggest to model rather than to code game AI. A variant of Rhaps...

This paper is about the development, uses and advantages of infrared thermography. Its principles had already been used by old civilizations as a manner of diseases diagnosis. The discovery of the infrared waves and its heating power happened on 1800, but its use in modern Medicine as a diagnosis method was only possible because of the scientific and technological development demanded by the Gr...

According to the dominant position in the just war tradition from Augustine to Anscombe and beyond, there is no ‘‘moral equality of combatants.’’ That is, on the traditional view the combatants participating in a justified war may kill their enemy combatants participating in an unjustified war—but not vice versa (barring certain qualifications). I shall argue here, however, that in the large nu...